United States military commission
E60835
The United States military commission was a wartime military tribunal system used by the U.S. armed forces to try individuals, including enemy commanders, for alleged violations of the laws of war.
Aliases (3)
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
military tribunal
→
war crimes court → |
| administeredBy |
United States Department of Defense
→
United States armed forces → |
| appliesToJurisdiction |
United States armed forces
→
|
| authorizedBy |
President of the United States
→
U.S. Congress → |
| controversy |
criticized for admissibility of coerced or hearsay evidence (historically)
→
criticized for due process concerns → debate over compliance with Geneva Conventions → |
| country |
United States
→
|
| distinguishedFrom |
United States court-martial system
→
United States federal civilian courts → |
| hasNotableUseCase |
Guantánamo Bay detainee trials after 2001
→
post–World War II war crimes trials in the Pacific → trial of Nazi saboteurs in Ex parte Quirin (1942) → |
| legalBasis |
Articles of War (historical U.S. military law)
→
U.S. Constitution war powers (interpreted) → customary international humanitarian law → laws of war → |
| locationOfProceedings |
Guantánamo Bay Naval Base
→
various U.S. military theaters of war → |
| proceduralCharacteristics |
limited rights of appeal compared to civilian courts
→
military officers serve as members (fact-finders) → rules of evidence differ from civilian courts → |
| purpose |
adjudicate offenses triable by the law of war
→
prosecute enemy combatants → prosecute enemy commanders → try individuals for alleged violations of the laws of war → |
| reformedBy |
Military Commissions Act of 2006
→
Military Commissions Act of 2009 → |
| relatedConcept |
enemy combatant
→
international humanitarian law → law of armed conflict → military justice system of the United States → war crimes → |
| subjectOf |
Boumediene v. Bush (U.S. Supreme Court case)
→
Ex parte Quirin (U.S. Supreme Court case) → Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (U.S. Supreme Court case) → |
| timePeriod |
used in multiple U.S. wars from 19th to 21st century
→
|
| typicalDefendants |
enemy belligerents
→
enemy commanders → non-U.S. nationals captured in armed conflict → |
| usedInConflict |
American Civil War
→
War on Terror → World War II → |
Referenced by (16)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Erich Mueller
("United States military tribunal")
→
Ewald Loeser ("United States military tribunal") → Friedrich Janssen ("United States military tribunal") → Wilhelm List ("United States military tribunal") → |
wasTriedBy |
|
David Herold
→
Edman Spangler → Yamashita Tomoyuki → |
trialHeldBy |
|
IG Farben
("United States military tribunal")
→
Michael O'Laughlen → Samuel Arnold → |
triedBy |
|
Mary Surratt
→
Tomoyuki Yamashita → |
convictedBy |
|
Flick Trial
("United States military tribunal")
→
|
conductedBy |
|
George Atzerodt
→
|
trialBy |
|
RuSHA Trial
("U.S. Military Tribunal")
→
|
tribunalType |
|
GTMO
("U.S. military commissions system")
→
|
usedBy |