Eddington limit

E60303

The Eddington limit is the maximum luminosity a star or accreting object can have before radiation pressure overcomes gravity and drives away its outer layers.


Statements (48)
Predicate Object
instanceOf astrophysical concept
radiation pressure limit
appliesTo accreting black holes
accreting neutron stars
accreting white dwarfs
accretion disks
stars
assumes isotropic radiation field
spherical symmetry
steady-state conditions
canBeExceededIn beamed radiation sources
non-spherical accretion flows
super-Eddington accretion regimes
consequenceOfExceeding disruption of steady accretion
mass loss from the star or accretor
outward acceleration of stellar material
defines maximum luminosity of a star
maximum luminosity of an accreting object
dependsOn composition of the gas
mass of the central object
opacity of the material
field astrophysics
high-energy astrophysics
stellar astrophysics
forSolarComposition L_Edd ≈ 1.3×10^38 (M/M☉) erg s^-1
L_Edd ≈ 3.3×10^4 (M/M☉) L☉
governs maximum steady accretion luminosity
onset of strong stellar winds in massive stars
historicalContext introduced in early 20th century
mathematicalForm L_Edd = 4πGMc/κ
namedAfter Arthur Stanley Eddington
physicalBasis balance between radiation pressure and gravity
proportionalTo mass of the object
relatedConcept Eddington luminosity
Eddington ratio
opacity
radiation pressure
symbol L_Edd
typicalCompositionAssumption fully ionized hydrogen
typicalOpacityAssumption electron scattering opacity
usedIn X-ray binary modeling
accretion theory
active galactic nucleus modeling
black hole growth constraints
models of massive star evolution
quasar luminosity estimates
usedToInfer constraints on luminous accretors
upper limits on stellar masses

Referenced by (7)
Subject (surface form when different) Predicate
Arthur Stanley Eddington
Arthur Stanley Eddington ("Eddington luminosity")
Arthur Stanley Eddington ("Eddington mass-luminosity relation")
Edwin E. Salpeter ("Salpeter time")
knownFor
Chandrasekhar limit
Eddington limit ("Eddington luminosity")
Eddington limit ("Eddington ratio")
relatedConcept

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