L. Chandra Kumar v. Union of India

E551156

Supreme Court of India judgment constitutional law case landmark judgment

L. Chandra Kumar v. Union of India is a landmark 1997 Supreme Court of India judgment that reaffirmed judicial review as part of the Constitution’s basic structure and held that decisions of tribunals are subject to scrutiny by High Courts under Articles 226 and 227.

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All labels observed (1)

Label	Occurrences
L. Chandra Kumar v. Union of India canonical	1

Statements (46)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Supreme Court of India judgment ⓘ constitutional law case ⓘ landmark judgment ⓘ
areaOfLaw	administrative law ⓘ constitutional law ⓘ
basicStructureDoctrine	reaffirmed ⓘ
benchType	Constitution Bench NERFINISHED ⓘ
citation	(1997) 3 SCC 261 ⓘ
clarified	High Courts retain power of judicial review over tribunal decisions ⓘ Parliament cannot vest exclusive power of judicial review in tribunals ⓘ Supreme Court retains ultimate power of judicial review under Article 136 ⓘ
constitutionalProvisionInterpreted	Article 226 of the Constitution of India ⓘ Article 227 of the Constitution of India ⓘ Article 32 of the Constitution of India ⓘ Article 323A of the Constitution of India ⓘ Article 323B of the Constitution of India ⓘ
country	India ⓘ
court	Supreme Court of India NERFINISHED ⓘ
decisionDate	1997 ⓘ
effectOnTribunals	limited exclusion clauses that barred jurisdiction of High Courts ⓘ subjected tribunal decisions to High Court judicial review ⓘ
followedBy	later Supreme Court of India cases on tribunals and judicial review ⓘ
held	Article 32 is part of the basic structure of the Constitution of India ⓘ Articles 226 and 227 form part of the basic structure of the Constitution of India ⓘ decisions of tribunals are subject to scrutiny under Articles 226 and 227 ⓘ exclusion of judicial review of tribunal decisions by High Courts is unconstitutional ⓘ exclusion of jurisdiction of High Courts and Supreme Court by ordinary legislation is impermissible if it damages basic structure ⓘ power of judicial review is part of the basic structure of the Constitution of India ⓘ tribunals are subject to judicial review by High Courts ⓘ tribunals can perform a supplemental role in discharging judicial functions ⓘ tribunals cannot be substitutes for High Courts ⓘ tribunals function as supplemental to High Courts, not as substitutes ⓘ
importance	key precedent on constitutional status of High Courts ⓘ leading authority on judicial review in India ⓘ seminal case on basic structure doctrine ⓘ
jurisdictionLevel	all-India ⓘ
keyIssue	scope of Articles 32, 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India ⓘ status and role of tribunals in Indian judicial system ⓘ validity of exclusion of judicial review of tribunal decisions ⓘ
languageOfJudgment	English ⓘ
legalSystem	common law ⓘ
numberOfJudges	7 ⓘ
overruled	earlier views suggesting tribunals could fully substitute High Courts ⓘ
relatedLegislation	Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 NERFINISHED ⓘ
subjectMatter	constitutional validity of tribunal system in India ⓘ judicial review of legislative and administrative action ⓘ

Referenced by (1)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

basic structure doctrine → usedInCase → L. Chandra Kumar v. Union of India ⓘ