Philippine English
E540971
Philippine English is the localized variety of English used in the Philippines, shaped by American English influence and Philippine languages in its vocabulary, pronunciation, and usage.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Philippine English canonical | 1 |
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | variety of English ⓘ |
| countryOfUse | Philippines NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| grammaticalFeature |
frequent use of “already” as aspect marker (e.g., “I ate already”)
ⓘ
frequent use of “only” as focus marker (e.g., “I have one only”) ⓘ use of “ever” in questions like “Where do you live ever since?” ⓘ use of “will” for both future and conditional in many contexts ⓘ variable use of articles influenced by Philippine languages ⓘ |
| historicalOrigin | American colonial period in the Philippines NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| influencedBy |
American English
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Cebuano NERFINISHED ⓘ Philippine languages ⓘ Spanish language ⓘ Tagalog NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| languageFamily |
Indo-European language family
ⓘ
surface form:
Indo-European languages
|
| lexicalFeature |
use of Philippine lexical borrowings such as “barangay”
ⓘ
use of Philippine lexical borrowings such as “carnap” for “car theft” ⓘ use of Philippine lexical borrowings such as “jeepney” ⓘ use of “batchmate” for “classmate from the same cohort” ⓘ use of “comfort room” for “toilet” or “restroom” ⓘ use of “open the light” instead of “turn on the light” by some speakers ⓘ use of “salvage” in the sense of “extrajudicially kill” in local usage ⓘ use of “take a rest” where other varieties might use “rest” ⓘ use of “traffic” as a count noun (e.g., “many traffics”) by some speakers ⓘ use of “viand” for food eaten with rice ⓘ |
| officialStatusIn | Philippines NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| phonologicalFeature |
non-rhotic or lightly rhotic pronunciation depending on speaker
ⓘ
simplified vowel contrasts compared to American English ⓘ syllable-timed rhythm more similar to Philippine languages ⓘ tendency to pronounce /f/ and /v/ closer to /p/ and /b/ for some speakers ⓘ |
| region | Southeast Asia ⓘ |
| relatedVariety |
Bislish
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Taglish ⓘ |
| roleInPhilippines |
language of business
ⓘ
language of education ⓘ language of government ⓘ language of media ⓘ official language ⓘ |
| sociolinguisticFeature |
often mixed with Tagalog or other Philippine languages in code-switching
ⓘ
used as a first language by some urban and upper-middle-class Filipinos ⓘ used as a second language by a large portion of the Philippine population ⓘ |
| standardBasedOn | American English spelling norms ⓘ |
| standardization | described in Philippine style guides and dictionaries ⓘ |
| subfamily |
Germanic languages
ⓘ
West Germanic languages NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| timeOfMajorExpansion | 20th century ⓘ |
| usedInDomain |
Philippine business process outsourcing industry
ⓘ
Philippine higher education ⓘ Philippine legal system ⓘ Philippine print and broadcast media ⓘ |
| writingSystem | Latin alphabet ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.