Emoluments Clause

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The Emoluments Clause is a provision in the U.S. Constitution that prohibits federal officeholders from accepting gifts, payments, or titles from foreign states without congressional consent, to prevent undue foreign influence.


Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf clause of the United States Constitution
constitutional provision
aimsToPrevent conflicts of interest involving foreign governments
foreign bribery of U.S. officials
alsoKnownAs Emoluments Clause
surface form: "Foreign Emoluments Clause"

Emoluments Clause
surface form: "Title of Nobility Clause (foreign emoluments portion)"
appliesTo federal officeholders
persons holding any office of profit or trust under the United States
appliesToBranch executive branch officials
judicial branch officials
legislative branch officials
bindingOn civilian federal officers
military officers of the United States
category United States constitutional law
United States separation of powers and ethics
constitutionalStatus not amended since ratification
controversy definition of emolument for modern financial interests
scope of application to the President of the United States
country United States of America
draftedBy Framers of the United States Constitution
enforcedBy United States Congress
federal judiciary of the United States
surface form: "federal courts of the United States"
goal to maintain separation between U.S. government interests and foreign state interests
historicalContext adopted after American Revolution to avoid European-style patronage
inForceSince 1789
inspiredBy concerns about foreign corruption in European monarchies
interpretedBy Office of Legal Counsel
surface form: "Office of Legal Counsel of the U.S. Department of Justice"

Government Accountability Office
surface form: "U.S. Government Accountability Office"
languageOrigin influenced by provisions in early state constitutions
legalEffect requires congressional consent for federal officials to accept foreign gifts or benefits
locatedInDocument Article I, Section 9 of the United States Constitution
surface form: "Article I, Section 9, Clause 8 of the United States Constitution"
partOf Article I of the United States Constitution
prohibits acceptance of any emolument from a foreign state without consent of Congress
acceptance of any office from a foreign state without consent of Congress
acceptance of any present from a foreign state without consent of Congress
acceptance of any title from a foreign state without consent of Congress
purpose to prevent undue foreign influence on United States officials
to protect the independence of federal officeholders
to reduce corruption risks involving foreign governments
ratifiedWith United States Constitution
relatedTo Emoluments Clause
surface form: "Domestic Emoluments Clause"

Title of Nobility Clause
requires consent of Congress for acceptance of foreign decorations in many cases
textBegins "No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States"
textContains "no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them"
"of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State"
"shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title"
usedIn ethics opinions regarding foreign gifts to federal officials
litigation involving foreign payments to U.S. officeholders

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Emoluments Clause alsoKnownAs Emoluments Clause
this entity surface form: "Foreign Emoluments Clause"
Emoluments Clause alsoKnownAs Emoluments Clause
this entity surface form: "Title of Nobility Clause (foreign emoluments portion)"
Emoluments Clause relatedTo Emoluments Clause
this entity surface form: "Domestic Emoluments Clause"