Poly1305
E43495
Poly1305 is a high-speed message authentication code (MAC) algorithm commonly used with stream ciphers like ChaCha20 to provide data integrity and authenticity.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Poly1305 canonical | 10 |
| CHACHA20-POLY1305 | 1 |
| ChaCha20-Poly1305 | 1 |
| Poly1305 MAC by Daniel J. Bernstein | 1 |
| Poly1305 message authentication code | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T338740 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Poly1305 Context triple: [ChaCha20, specifiedWith, Poly1305]
-
A.
Salsa20
Salsa20 is a high-speed stream cipher designed by Daniel J. Bernstein, widely used in modern cryptography for its strong security and efficient software performance.
-
B.
ChaCha20
ChaCha20 is a modern stream cipher designed by Daniel J. Bernstein, widely used for its high performance and strong security in protocols like TLS.
-
C.
AES-GCM
AES-GCM is an authenticated encryption mode of the Advanced Encryption Standard that provides both data confidentiality and integrity, widely used in modern network and security protocols.
-
D.
HMAC
HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) is a cryptographic construction that combines a secret key with a hash function to provide data integrity and authentication.
-
E.
AES-CTR
AES-CTR is a widely used symmetric-key encryption mode that turns the AES block cipher into a fast, parallelizable stream cipher by encrypting successive counter values and XORing them with the plaintext.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Poly1305 Target entity description: Poly1305 is a high-speed message authentication code (MAC) algorithm commonly used with stream ciphers like ChaCha20 to provide data integrity and authenticity.
-
A.
Salsa20
Salsa20 is a high-speed stream cipher designed by Daniel J. Bernstein, widely used in modern cryptography for its strong security and efficient software performance.
-
B.
ChaCha20
ChaCha20 is a modern stream cipher designed by Daniel J. Bernstein, widely used for its high performance and strong security in protocols like TLS.
-
C.
AES-GCM
AES-GCM is an authenticated encryption mode of the Advanced Encryption Standard that provides both data confidentiality and integrity, widely used in modern network and security protocols.
-
D.
HMAC
HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) is a cryptographic construction that combines a secret key with a hash function to provide data integrity and authentication.
-
E.
AES-CTR
AES-CTR is a widely used symmetric-key encryption mode that turns the AES block cipher into a fast, parallelizable stream cipher by encrypting successive counter values and XORing them with the plaintext.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
MAC algorithm
ⓘ
cryptographic algorithm ⓘ message authentication code ⓘ |
| advantageOverHMAC | higher speed in software on many platforms ⓘ |
| basedOn | polynomial evaluation modulo a prime ⓘ |
| belongsToFamily | Carter–Wegman MACs ⓘ |
| blockSizeBytes | 16 ⓘ |
| category | one-time MAC ⓘ |
| combinedAsAEADWith |
AES in CTR mode
ⓘ
ChaCha20 ⓘ |
| combinedConstruction |
AES-Poly1305
ⓘ
ChaCha20 ⓘ
surface form:
ChaCha20-Poly1305
|
| comparedTo | HMAC ⓘ |
| definedOver | prime field modulo 2^130-5 ⓘ |
| designedBy | Daniel J. Bernstein ⓘ |
| designProperty |
constant-time implementation possible
ⓘ
high-speed in software ⓘ provable security under standard assumptions ⓘ |
| implementationLanguage |
C
ⓘ
assembly ⓘ |
| introducedInYear | 2004 ⓘ |
| oftenUsedWith |
Advanced Encryption Standard
ⓘ
surface form:
AES
ChaCha20 ⓘ Salsa20 ⓘ |
| outputSizeBits | 128 ⓘ |
| requires |
one-time key
ⓘ
unique nonce per key ⓘ |
| securityAssumption | computational hardness of forging MAC without key ⓘ |
| securityGoal |
data integrity
ⓘ
data origin authentication ⓘ message authentication ⓘ |
| standardizedBy |
Internet Engineering Task Force
ⓘ
surface form:
IETF
|
| standardizedIn |
RFC 8439
ⓘ
surface form:
RFC 7539
RFC 7539 ⓘ
surface form:
RFC 7905
RFC 8439 ⓘ |
| suitableFor |
AEAD constructions
ⓘ
high-performance network protocols ⓘ |
| typicalKeySizeBits | 256 ⓘ |
| usedBy |
BoringSSL
ⓘ
OpenSSL ⓘ libsodium ⓘ |
| usedIn |
IPsec
ⓘ
QUIC ⓘ SSH ⓘ TLS ⓘ |
| usesOperation |
modular arithmetic
ⓘ
polynomial hash ⓘ |
| vulnerabilityIfMisused |
key reuse across messages
ⓘ
nonce reuse with same key ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Poly1305 Description of subject: Poly1305 is a high-speed message authentication code (MAC) algorithm commonly used with stream ciphers like ChaCha20 to provide data integrity and authenticity.
Referenced by (14)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
WireGuard