Siege of Perpignan
E393015
The Siege of Perpignan was a major 1542 military engagement in which French forces unsuccessfully attempted to capture the Spanish-held fortress city of Perpignan during the Italian War of 1542–1546.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Siege of Perpignan canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3835476 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Siege of Perpignan Context triple: [Italian War of 1542–1546, hasBattle, Siege of Perpignan]
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A.
Siege of Toulouse
The Siege of Toulouse was a major 1217–1218 military engagement during the Albigensian Crusade in which the forces of the Count of Toulouse successfully resisted the crusader army led by Simon de Montfort, resulting in Montfort’s death and a turning point in the campaign against the Cathars.
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B.
Battle of Boulou
The Battle of Boulou was a significant 1794 engagement of the War of the Pyrenees in which French Revolutionary forces defeated the Spanish army near the eastern Pyrenees, helping secure France’s southern frontier.
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C.
Siege of Bois-le-Duc
The Siege of Bois-le-Duc was a major 1629 Dutch siege during the Eighty Years' War in which the Protestant Dutch forces captured the strongly fortified, predominantly Catholic city of ’s-Hertogenbosch from Spanish control.
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D.
Siege of Carcassonne (1209)
The Siege of Carcassonne (1209) was an early and decisive military operation in which crusading forces captured the fortified Cathar stronghold of Carcassonne, leading to the expulsion of its viscount and advancing the aims of the Albigensian Crusade in southern France.
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E.
Siege of Saint-Dizier
The Siege of Saint-Dizier was a 1544 military engagement during the Italian War of 1542–1546 in which French forces defended the fortified town of Saint-Dizier against an imperial army led by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Siege of Perpignan Target entity description: The Siege of Perpignan was a major 1542 military engagement in which French forces unsuccessfully attempted to capture the Spanish-held fortress city of Perpignan during the Italian War of 1542–1546.
-
A.
Siege of Toulouse
The Siege of Toulouse was a major 1217–1218 military engagement during the Albigensian Crusade in which the forces of the Count of Toulouse successfully resisted the crusader army led by Simon de Montfort, resulting in Montfort’s death and a turning point in the campaign against the Cathars.
-
B.
Battle of Boulou
The Battle of Boulou was a significant 1794 engagement of the War of the Pyrenees in which French Revolutionary forces defeated the Spanish army near the eastern Pyrenees, helping secure France’s southern frontier.
-
C.
Siege of Bois-le-Duc
The Siege of Bois-le-Duc was a major 1629 Dutch siege during the Eighty Years' War in which the Protestant Dutch forces captured the strongly fortified, predominantly Catholic city of ’s-Hertogenbosch from Spanish control.
-
D.
Siege of Carcassonne (1209)
The Siege of Carcassonne (1209) was an early and decisive military operation in which crusading forces captured the fortified Cathar stronghold of Carcassonne, leading to the expulsion of its viscount and advancing the aims of the Albigensian Crusade in southern France.
-
E.
Siege of Saint-Dizier
The Siege of Saint-Dizier was a 1544 military engagement during the Italian War of 1542–1546 in which French forces defended the fortified town of Saint-Dizier against an imperial army led by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (30)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
military engagement
ⓘ
siege ⓘ |
| attackingForce |
French royal forces
ⓘ
surface form:
French royal army
|
| combatant |
forces of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
ⓘ
forces of Francis I of France ⓘ |
| conflictIn | Italian War of 1542–1546 ⓘ |
| conflictType | Franco-Spanish conflict ⓘ |
| controlledTerritory | Perpignan remained under Spanish control after the siege ⓘ |
| countryInvolved |
Kingdom of France
ⓘ
Spanish Empire ⓘ |
| defendingForce | Spanish garrison of Perpignan ⓘ |
| describedAs | major 1542 military engagement ⓘ |
| endTime | 1542 ⓘ |
| fortressCity | Perpignan ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
defensive success for Spain
ⓘ
unsuccessful French siege ⓘ |
| historicalEra |
Early Modern period
ⓘ
surface form:
Early modern period
|
| historicalPeriod | 16th century ⓘ |
| location |
Kingdom of France
ⓘ
Perpignan ⓘ Roussillon ⓘ border of France and Spain ⓘ |
| militaryTheater | Franco-Spanish border theater of the Italian Wars ⓘ |
| objective | capture of Perpignan from Spain ⓘ |
| outcome | French attempt to capture Perpignan failed ⓘ |
| partOf |
Italian War of 1542–1546
ⓘ
Italian Wars ⓘ |
| result | Spanish victory ⓘ |
| significance | major operation of the Italian War of 1542–1546 ⓘ |
| startTime | 1542 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Siege of Perpignan Description of subject: The Siege of Perpignan was a major 1542 military engagement in which French forces unsuccessfully attempted to capture the Spanish-held fortress city of Perpignan during the Italian War of 1542–1546.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.