Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus
E366118
The Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus was a pivotal episode in Alexander the Great’s campaign, when he took into custody the Persian king’s wife, daughters, and mother, treating them with notable respect and using their presence to legitimize his rule over the defeated Achaemenid Empire.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3520517 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus Context triple: [Stateira II, event, Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus]
-
A.
Capture of Artaxata
The Capture of Artaxata was a key Roman military operation during the Roman–Parthian War of 161–166 in which Roman forces seized the Armenian capital, asserting imperial influence in the region.
-
B.
Parthian capture of Edessa
The Parthian capture of Edessa was a key early victory in which Parthian forces seized the strategically important city of Edessa from Roman influence, helping trigger a broader Roman–Parthian conflict in the mid-2nd century.
-
C.
Achaemenid conquest of Mesopotamia
The Achaemenid conquest of Mesopotamia was the mid-6th century BCE campaign in which Cyrus the Great’s Persian Empire overthrew the Neo-Babylonian Empire and incorporated Mesopotamia into one of history’s first great imperial states.
-
D.
Partition of Babylon
The Partition of Babylon was the 323 BCE agreement among Alexander the Great’s generals that divided control of his vast empire and set the stage for the Wars of the Diadochi.
-
E.
army of Cyrus the Younger
The army of Cyrus the Younger was the multinational force of Greek mercenaries and Persian troops that backed Cyrus’s failed bid for the Persian throne and whose retreat was famously chronicled in Xenophon’s Anabasis.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus Target entity description: The Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus was a pivotal episode in Alexander the Great’s campaign, when he took into custody the Persian king’s wife, daughters, and mother, treating them with notable respect and using their presence to legitimize his rule over the defeated Achaemenid Empire.
-
A.
Capture of Artaxata
The Capture of Artaxata was a key Roman military operation during the Roman–Parthian War of 161–166 in which Roman forces seized the Armenian capital, asserting imperial influence in the region.
-
B.
Parthian capture of Edessa
The Parthian capture of Edessa was a key early victory in which Parthian forces seized the strategically important city of Edessa from Roman influence, helping trigger a broader Roman–Parthian conflict in the mid-2nd century.
-
C.
Achaemenid conquest of Mesopotamia
The Achaemenid conquest of Mesopotamia was the mid-6th century BCE campaign in which Cyrus the Great’s Persian Empire overthrew the Neo-Babylonian Empire and incorporated Mesopotamia into one of history’s first great imperial states.
-
D.
Partition of Babylon
The Partition of Babylon was the 323 BCE agreement among Alexander the Great’s generals that divided control of his vast empire and set the stage for the Wars of the Diadochi.
-
E.
army of Cyrus the Younger
The army of Cyrus the Younger was the multinational force of Greek mercenaries and Persian troops that backed Cyrus’s failed bid for the Persian throne and whose retreat was famously chronicled in Xenophon’s Anabasis.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
episode in Alexander the Great's campaign
ⓘ
historical event ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Achaemenid Empire
ⓘ
Macedon ⓘ
surface form:
Macedonian Empire
|
| cause | defeat of Darius III at the Battle of Issus ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
respectful treatment of royal captives
ⓘ
use of dynastic propaganda ⓘ |
| connectedTo |
Alexander's rejection of Darius III's peace offers
ⓘ
diplomatic letters between Alexander and Darius III ⓘ offers of ransom and territorial concessions by Darius III ⓘ |
| consequence |
enhancement of Alexander's prestige among Persians
ⓘ
reinforcement of Alexander's image as legitimate successor to Darius III ⓘ strengthening of Macedonian control over conquered Persian territories ⓘ |
| date | 333 BC ⓘ |
| depictedIn | Alexander Mosaic ⓘ |
| follows | Battle of Issus ⓘ |
| genre | event in classical antiquity ⓘ |
| hasContext |
Alexander's campaign against the Persian Empire
ⓘ
decline of the Achaemenid dynasty ⓘ |
| hasMainProtagonist |
Alexander the Great
ⓘ
Darius III ⓘ |
| hasPart |
capture of the daughters of Darius III
ⓘ
capture of the mother of Darius III ⓘ capture of the wife of Darius III ⓘ |
| historicalSource |
Arrian’s Anabasis of Alexander
ⓘ
surface form:
Arrian's Anabasis of Alexander
Diodorus Siculus ⓘ
surface form:
Diodorus Siculus' Bibliotheca historica
Life of Alexander ⓘ
surface form:
Plutarch's Life of Alexander
|
| impactOn |
Perception of Alexander among Greek allies
ⓘ
Perception of Alexander among Persian nobility ⓘ |
| interpretedAs | claim to be legitimate king of Asia by Alexander ⓘ |
| involves |
Achaemenid royal household
ⓘ
Macedonian army ⓘ |
| location | Persian royal camp near Issus ⓘ |
| notableFor |
Alexander's refusal to exploit the royal women dishonorably
ⓘ
symbolic transfer of Persian royal household to Alexander ⓘ |
| precedes |
Alexander's march into Syria and Phoenicia
ⓘ
subsequent negotiations between Alexander and Darius III ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Hellenistic concepts of kingship
ⓘ
policy of clemency toward defeated elites ⓘ succession to the Achaemenid throne ⓘ |
| result | custody of the immediate family of Darius III by Alexander the Great ⓘ |
| timePeriod |
Hellenistic period
ⓘ
late Achaemenid period ⓘ |
| usedFor | legitimization of Alexander's rule over the Achaemenid Empire ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus Description of subject: The Capture of the family of Darius III after the Battle of Issus was a pivotal episode in Alexander the Great’s campaign, when he took into custody the Persian king’s wife, daughters, and mother, treating them with notable respect and using their presence to legitimize his rule over the defeated Achaemenid Empire.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.