European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)

E32382

bird species passerine songbird

The European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) is a highly adaptable, social songbird native to Eurasia, known for its iridescent plumage, complex vocalizations, and large, synchronized flocks called murmurations.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
European starling	4
European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) canonical	1
Sturnus vulgaris	1

Statements (92)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	bird species ⓘ passerine ⓘ songbird ⓘ
activityPattern	diurnal ⓘ
averageLength	about 20 cm ⓘ
averageMass	about 60 to 100 g ⓘ
averageWingspan	about 31 to 44 cm ⓘ
billColor	darker outside breeding season ⓘ yellow in breeding season ⓘ
binomialAuthority	Carl Linnaeus ⓘ surface form: Linnaeus, 1758
breedingSystem	socially monogamous with extra-pair copulations ⓘ
class	Aves ⓘ
clutchSize	typically 4 to 6 eggs ⓘ
commonName	European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) self-link ⓘ surface form: European starling common starling ⓘ
conservationStatus	Least Concern ⓘ
conservationStatusSystem	IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ⓘ surface form: IUCN Red List
diet	earthworms ⓘ fruits ⓘ grains ⓘ insects ⓘ seeds ⓘ spiders ⓘ
ecologicalImpact	can damage agricultural crops ⓘ competes with native cavity-nesting birds ⓘ
eggColor	pale blue ⓘ
family	Sturnidae ⓘ
fledgingPeriod	about 21 days after hatching ⓘ
flightPattern	strong direct flight ⓘ synchronized flock movements ⓘ
flockingBehavior	forms murmurations ⓘ
foragingBehavior	ground forager ⓘ
genus	Sturnus ⓘ
incubationPeriod	about 12 days ⓘ
introducedBy	Eugene Schieffelin ⓘ
introducedByOrganization	American Acclimatization Society ⓘ
introducedRange	Argentina ⓘ Australia ⓘ Chile ⓘ Falkland Islands ⓘ Hawaii ⓘ New Zealand ⓘ North America ⓘ South Africa ⓘ
introductionEvent	introduced to North America in 1890s ⓘ
introductionLocation	New York City ⓘ
kingdom	Animalia ⓘ
legalStatusInUS	invasive species ⓘ
legColor	pinkish-red ⓘ
lifespanWild	typically up to 5 years ⓘ
maximumRecordedLifespanWild	over 15 years ⓘ
migrationPattern	partial migrant ⓘ resident in parts of range ⓘ
morphologicalFeature	pointed wings ⓘ short tail ⓘ straight pointed bill ⓘ
nativeRange	Europe ⓘ central Asia ⓘ western Asia ⓘ
nestSite	buildings ⓘ nest boxes ⓘ tree cavities ⓘ
nestType	cavity nester ⓘ
order	Passeriformes ⓘ
phylum	Chordata ⓘ
plumageCharacteristic	dark glossy plumage ⓘ iridescent feathers ⓘ pale spots in winter ⓘ
populationTrend	declining in some native regions ⓘ increasing globally ⓘ
primaryPredators	birds of prey ⓘ mammalian carnivores ⓘ
reproductionSeason	early summer ⓘ spring ⓘ
roostingBehavior	forms large communal roosts ⓘ
scientificName	European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Sturnus vulgaris
sexualDimorphism	subtle differences between males and females ⓘ
socialBehavior	forms large flocks ⓘ highly gregarious ⓘ
taxonRank	species ⓘ
typicalHabitat	farmland ⓘ grassland ⓘ open woodland ⓘ suburban areas ⓘ urban areas ⓘ
usedInResearch	model species for social behavior ⓘ model species for vocal learning ⓘ
vocalizationCharacteristic	complex vocal mimicry ⓘ imitates mechanical sounds ⓘ imitates other bird species ⓘ
vocalizationType	calls ⓘ song ⓘ

Referenced by (6)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Passeriformes → exampleSpecies → European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) ⓘ

European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) → scientificName → European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) self-linksurface differs ⓘ

subject surface form: European starling

this entity surface form: Sturnus vulgaris

European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) → commonName → European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) self-link ⓘ

subject surface form: European starling

this entity surface form: European starling

Western bluebird → competitor → European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) ⓘ

this entity surface form: European starling

American Acclimatization Society → introducedSpecies → European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) ⓘ

this entity surface form: European starling

Sturnus → historicallyIncludedTaxon → European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) ⓘ

this entity surface form: European starling