Pharnabazus II
E314744
Pharnabazus II was a 4th-century BC Persian satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia who played a key role in Achaemenid military and diplomatic efforts against Sparta, notably by supporting Athens and its allies.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Pharnabazus II canonical | 7 |
| Achaemenid satrap Pharnabazus II | 1 |
| Persian satrap Pharnabazus | 1 |
| Persian satrap Pharnabazus II | 1 |
| Pharnabazus III | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2966047 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pharnabazus II Context triple: [Corinthian War, involvedCommander, Pharnabazus II]
-
A.
Amasis II
Amasis II was a 26th Dynasty pharaoh of ancient Egypt known for his prosperous reign, extensive building projects, and active diplomatic and commercial relations with Greek city-states.
-
B.
Parysatis II
Parysatis II was a Persian noblewoman, likely of Achaemenid royal lineage, who became one of the wives of Alexander the Great during his campaigns in Asia.
-
C.
Artaphernes
Artaphernes was a Persian military leader and nobleman who played a key role in early campaigns of the Greco-Persian Wars.
-
D.
Polycrates of Samos
Polycrates of Samos was a powerful 6th-century BCE tyrant of the island of Samos, renowned for his naval dominance, cultural patronage, and legendary wealth and good fortune.
-
E.
Cambyses II
Cambyses II was a king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, best known for succeeding Cyrus the Great and conquering Egypt in the 6th century BCE.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Pharnabazus II Target entity description: Pharnabazus II was a 4th-century BC Persian satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia who played a key role in Achaemenid military and diplomatic efforts against Sparta, notably by supporting Athens and its allies.
-
A.
Amasis II
Amasis II was a 26th Dynasty pharaoh of ancient Egypt known for his prosperous reign, extensive building projects, and active diplomatic and commercial relations with Greek city-states.
-
B.
Parysatis II
Parysatis II was a Persian noblewoman, likely of Achaemenid royal lineage, who became one of the wives of Alexander the Great during his campaigns in Asia.
-
C.
Artaphernes
Artaphernes was a Persian military leader and nobleman who played a key role in early campaigns of the Greco-Persian Wars.
-
D.
Polycrates of Samos
Polycrates of Samos was a powerful 6th-century BCE tyrant of the island of Samos, renowned for his naval dominance, cultural patronage, and legendary wealth and good fortune.
-
E.
Cambyses II
Cambyses II was a king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire, best known for succeeding Cyrus the Great and conquering Egypt in the 6th century BCE.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Achaemenid satrap
ⓘ
Persian nobleman ⓘ |
| allegiance |
Artaxerxes II
ⓘ
surface form:
King Artaxerxes II
Darius II of Persia ⓘ
surface form:
King Darius II
|
| collaboratedWith | Conon of Athens ⓘ |
| commanded | Persian fleet in the Aegean Sea ⓘ |
| country | Achaemenid Empire ⓘ |
| diplomaticActivity |
arranged funding for anti-Spartan coalitions
ⓘ
negotiated with Greek city-states ⓘ |
| era | Classical antiquity ⓘ |
| ethnicGroup | Persian ⓘ |
| father |
Pharnaces II of Pontus
ⓘ
surface form:
Pharnaces II of Phrygia
|
| floruit |
4th century BC
ⓘ
late 5th century BC ⓘ |
| governedRegion |
Thracian Chersonese
ⓘ
surface form:
Hellespont region
northwestern Asia Minor ⓘ |
| historicalSource |
Cornelius Nepos
ⓘ
Diodorus Siculus ⓘ Xenophon ⓘ |
| knownFor |
commanding Persian fleet in the Aegean
ⓘ
diplomatic efforts against Sparta ⓘ military operations against Sparta ⓘ role in the Corinthian War ⓘ supporting Athens against Sparta ⓘ |
| militaryRank |
naval commander
ⓘ
satrap-general ⓘ |
| nobleFamily | Pharnacid dynasty ⓘ |
| notableMeetingWith | Agesilaus II ⓘ |
| opponent |
Agesilaus II
ⓘ
Sparta ⓘ |
| participatedIn |
Battle of Cnidus
ⓘ
Corinthian War ⓘ Peloponnesian War ⓘ |
| policy |
support for anti-Spartan Greek coalitions
ⓘ
use of Persian funds to influence Greek politics ⓘ |
| positionHeld | satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia ⓘ |
| predecessor |
Pharnaces II of Pontus
ⓘ
surface form:
Pharnaces II of Phrygia
|
| regionOfInfluence |
Dardanelles
ⓘ
surface form:
Hellespont
Propontis area ⓘ
surface form:
Propontis
|
| resultOfActions |
defeat of Spartan naval power at Cnidus
ⓘ
restoration of Athenian influence in the Aegean ⓘ |
| role | Persian commander at the Battle of Cnidus ⓘ |
| satrapy | Hellespontine Phrygia ⓘ |
| servedUnder |
Artaxerxes II
ⓘ
surface form:
Artaxerxes II of Persia
Darius II of Persia ⓘ |
| supported |
Athenian allies
ⓘ
Athenian navy ⓘ Athens ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Pharnabazus II Description of subject: Pharnabazus II was a 4th-century BC Persian satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia who played a key role in Achaemenid military and diplomatic efforts against Sparta, notably by supporting Athens and its allies.
Referenced by (11)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Achaemenid satrap Pharnabazus II
this entity surface form:
Pharnabazus III
this entity surface form:
Persian satrap Pharnabazus II
this entity surface form:
Persian satrap Pharnabazus