Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

E31385

national wildlife refuge protected area wilderness area

The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is a vast, remote protected area in northeastern Alaska known for its pristine tundra ecosystems, rich wildlife, and ongoing debates over oil and gas development.

Aliases (2)

ANWR ×1
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain ×1

Statements (60)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	national wildlife refuge → protected area → wilderness area →
abbreviation	ANWR →
administeredBy	U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service →
area	approximately 19 million acres → approximately 7.7 million hectares →
borderedBy	Beaufort Sea → Brooks Range → Yukon border →
climate	Arctic climate →
contains	Porcupine caribou herd calving grounds → boreal forest in southern portions → coastal plain → mountain ranges → river valleys → tundra ecosystems → wetlands →
country	United States →
established	1960 →
establishedBy	U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service →
establishedUnder	Secretary’s Order of the U.S. Department of the Interior →
expanded	1980 →
expandedBy	Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act →
governedBy	federal law of the United States →
hasCulturalSignificanceFor	Gwich’in people → Iñupiat communities →
hasEcosystemType	Arctic tundra → coastal lagoons → mountain tundra → riparian corridors →
hasIndigenousConnection	Gwich’in people → Iñupiat people →
hasWildlife	Dall sheep → Porcupine caribou herd → arctic foxes → brown bears → grizzly bears → migratory birds → moose → muskoxen → polar bears → shorebirds → waterfowl → wolves →
IUCNCategory	Category Ib (Wilderness Area) for large portions →
knownFor	caribou calving grounds → controversy over oil and gas development → high biodiversity for an Arctic ecosystem → pristine wilderness →
locatedIn	Alaska → Arctic region → northeastern Alaska →
partOf	National Wildlife Refuge System →
primaryManagementGoals	conservation of fish and wildlife populations → maintenance of natural diversity → protection of wilderness character →
subjectOf	U.S. energy policy debates → environmental conservation campaigns → oil and gas leasing legislation debates →

Referenced by (4)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge ("ANWR") →	abbreviation
Alaska →	contains
Arctic coastal plain of Alaska ("Arctic National Wildlife Refuge coastal plain") →	partlyOverlaps
Brooks Range →	protectedArea