Treaty with the Huns of 443

E283492

diplomatic agreement historical event peace treaty

The Treaty with the Huns of 443 was a diplomatic agreement in which the Eastern Roman Empire, under Theodosius II, conceded substantial tribute and territorial advantages to Attila’s Huns to secure a temporary peace.

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All labels observed (1)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty with the Huns of 443 canonical	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2626907 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty with the Huns of 443
Context triple: [Theodosius II, treaty, Treaty with the Huns of 443]

A. Treaty of 435
The Treaty of 435 was an agreement between the Western Roman Empire and the Vandal Kingdom that formally recognized Vandal control over parts of North Africa in exchange for peace and tribute.
B. Treaty of 681 with the Byzantine Empire
The Treaty of 681 with the Byzantine Empire was the agreement that formally recognized the First Bulgarian Empire as an independent state and marked the beginning of medieval Bulgaria’s presence on the European political map.
C. Treaty of Devol
The Treaty of Devol was a 1108 agreement between Bohemond I of Antioch and Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos that made the Principality of Antioch a vassal state of the Byzantine Empire.
D. Treaty of Mersen
The Treaty of Mersen was an 870 agreement that further divided the Carolingian Empire between the East and West Frankish kingdoms, shaping the political map of medieval Western Europe.
E. Peace of Vervins
The Peace of Vervins was a 1598 treaty between France and Spain that ended their long-running war and helped consolidate the authority of Henry IV in France.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty with the Huns of 443
Target entity description: The Treaty with the Huns of 443 was a diplomatic agreement in which the Eastern Roman Empire, under Theodosius II, conceded substantial tribute and territorial advantages to Attila’s Huns to secure a temporary peace.

A. Treaty of 435
The Treaty of 435 was an agreement between the Western Roman Empire and the Vandal Kingdom that formally recognized Vandal control over parts of North Africa in exchange for peace and tribute.
B. Treaty of 681 with the Byzantine Empire
The Treaty of 681 with the Byzantine Empire was the agreement that formally recognized the First Bulgarian Empire as an independent state and marked the beginning of medieval Bulgaria’s presence on the European political map.
C. Treaty of Devol
The Treaty of Devol was a 1108 agreement between Bohemond I of Antioch and Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos that made the Principality of Antioch a vassal state of the Byzantine Empire.
D. Treaty of Mersen
The Treaty of Mersen was an 870 agreement that further divided the Carolingian Empire between the East and West Frankish kingdoms, shaping the political map of medieval Western Europe.
E. Peace of Vervins
The Peace of Vervins was a 1598 treaty between France and Spain that ended their long-running war and helped consolidate the authority of Henry IV in France.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (45)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	diplomatic agreement ⓘ historical event ⓘ peace treaty ⓘ
aimedTo	avoid further Hunnic invasions of Eastern Roman territory ⓘ
approximateLocation	Danubian frontier ⓘ
associatedWithReignOf	Theodosius II ⓘ
beneficiary	Attila the Hun ⓘ surface form: Attila Huns ⓘ
category	5th-century treaties ⓘ Treaties between the Roman Empire and the Huns ⓘ
civilizationInvolved	Byzantine Empire ⓘ Hunnic peoples ⓘ
concessionBy	Byzantine Empire ⓘ surface form: Eastern Roman Empire
conflictType	barbarian–Roman relations ⓘ
date	443 ⓘ
diplomaticStrategyOf	Byzantine Empire ⓘ surface form: Eastern Roman Empire
followedBy	renewed Hunnic pressure on the Eastern Roman Empire ⓘ
historicalContext	Hunnic–Roman conflicts in the 5th century ⓘ
historicalSignificance	example of Roman use of subsidies to manage frontier threats ⓘ illustrates the power of Attila over the Eastern Roman Empire ⓘ
increasedTribute	yes ⓘ
languageContext	Greek ⓘ Latin ⓘ
party	Byzantine Empire ⓘ surface form: Eastern Roman Empire Hunnic Empire ⓘ
politicalEffect	demonstrated Eastern Roman willingness to pay tribute to avoid war ⓘ strengthened Attila’s position vis-à-vis the Eastern Roman Empire ⓘ
precededBy	earlier Hunnic raids into Eastern Roman territory ⓘ
purpose	to secure temporary peace between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Huns ⓘ
region	Balkans ⓘ
relatedTo	Attila the Hun ⓘ surface form: Attila Theodosius II ⓘ
requiredTributeFrom	Byzantine Empire ⓘ surface form: Eastern Roman Empire
requiredTributeTo	Attila the Hun ⓘ surface form: Attila Huns ⓘ
result	temporary peace between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Huns ⓘ
signatory	Byzantine Empire ⓘ surface form: Eastern Roman Empire Huns ⓘ
signatoryLeader	Attila the Hun ⓘ surface form: Attila Theodosius II ⓘ
territorialAdvantageFor	Huns ⓘ
territorialConcessionBy	Byzantine Empire ⓘ surface form: Eastern Roman Empire
timePeriod	5th century ⓘ
typeOfTribute	annual payment ⓘ
year	443 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (1)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Theodosius II → treaty → Treaty with the Huns of 443 ⓘ

All labels observed (1)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (45)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (1)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited