Paschal III
E264898
Paschal III was a 12th-century antipope who opposed the legitimate papacy during the schism of the Roman Catholic Church with the backing of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Antipope Paschal III | 1 |
| Clement III | 1 |
| Paschal III canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2380380 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paschal III Context triple: [Frederick I Barbarossa, supportedAntipope, Paschal III]
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A.
Pope Celestine III
Pope Celestine III was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1191 to 1198, overseeing the Church during the era of the Third Crusade and the rise of powerful European monarchies.
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B.
Pope Boniface III
Pope Boniface III was a 7th-century pope known for securing Emperor Phocas’s decree recognizing the Bishop of Rome as head of all the churches, thereby strengthening papal primacy.
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C.
Pope John XI
Pope John XI was a 10th-century pope (931–935) whose short and turbulent pontificate occurred during the powerful influence of the Roman nobility, particularly his mother Marozia, during the period known as the Saeculum Obscurum.
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D.
Pope Martin I
Pope Martin I was a 7th-century pope known for his staunch opposition to Monothelitism, his conflict with the Byzantine emperor, and his eventual arrest, exile, and veneration as a martyr.
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E.
Pope Paschal II
Pope Paschal II was a 12th-century pope whose reign was marked by intense conflict with secular rulers over the authority to appoint bishops, a central issue in the Investiture Controversy.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paschal III Target entity description: Paschal III was a 12th-century antipope who opposed the legitimate papacy during the schism of the Roman Catholic Church with the backing of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.
-
A.
Pope Celestine III
Pope Celestine III was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1191 to 1198, overseeing the Church during the era of the Third Crusade and the rise of powerful European monarchies.
-
B.
Pope Boniface III
Pope Boniface III was a 7th-century pope known for securing Emperor Phocas’s decree recognizing the Bishop of Rome as head of all the churches, thereby strengthening papal primacy.
-
C.
Pope John XI
Pope John XI was a 10th-century pope (931–935) whose short and turbulent pontificate occurred during the powerful influence of the Roman nobility, particularly his mother Marozia, during the period known as the Saeculum Obscurum.
-
D.
Pope Martin I
Pope Martin I was a 7th-century pope known for his staunch opposition to Monothelitism, his conflict with the Byzantine emperor, and his eventual arrest, exile, and veneration as a martyr.
-
E.
Pope Paschal II
Pope Paschal II was a 12th-century pope whose reign was marked by intense conflict with secular rulers over the authority to appoint bishops, a central issue in the Investiture Controversy.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Paschal III Description of subject: Paschal III was a 12th-century antipope who opposed the legitimate papacy during the schism of the Roman Catholic Church with the backing of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Wibert of Ravenna
this entity surface form:
Clement III
this entity surface form:
Antipope Paschal III