Dutch East India Company prize case of the Santa Catarina

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The Dutch East India Company prize case of the Santa Catarina was a landmark early 17th-century legal dispute over a captured Portuguese carrack that helped shape emerging principles of international maritime law and just war.

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Predicate Object
instanceOf admiralty case
early modern legal dispute
legal case
prize law case
authorOfLegalOpinion Hugo Grotius
country Dutch Republic
date 1603
hasEffect articulation of the doctrine of freedom of the seas
challenge to Portuguese and Spanish maritime monopolies
development of early modern international law
justification of Dutch attacks on Iberian shipping in Asia
strengthening of Dutch East India Company legal position
hasPart capture of the Portuguese carrack Santa Catarina
subsequent legal proceedings in the Dutch Republic
inspiredWork De jure praedae
surface form: De Jure Praedae

Mare Liberum
involves authority of chartered companies to wage war
capture of enemy shipping in time of war
conflict between Dutch and Portuguese in the East Indies
division of prize money
lawfulness of seizing neutral or enemy merchant vessels
legality of private maritime violence
sovereignty at sea
trade monopoly claims in Asia
legalArgument Dutch had a just war against the Portuguese in Asia
Portuguese monopoly in the East Indies trade was illegitimate
private merchants could lawfully seize enemy goods under sovereign commission
the seas cannot be appropriated by any single power
mainSubject Dutch East India Company
Portuguese Empire
Santa Catarina
freedom of the seas
international maritime law
just war theory
maritime prize law
outcome condemnation of the Santa Catarina as lawful prize
distribution of proceeds to Dutch East India Company and crew
participant Amsterdam Admiralty Court
Dutch East India Company
Austrian Habsburg Monarchy
surface form: Habsburg Monarchy

Hugo Grotius
Jacob van Heemskerck
Portuguese Crown
States General of the Netherlands
surface form: States-General of the Netherlands

Dutch Republic
surface form: United Provinces of the Netherlands
place Dutch Republic
significance important episode in the Dutch–Portuguese War in Asia
key precedent in the law of prize and capture
landmark case in the history of international maritime law

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De jure praedae associatedWith Dutch East India Company prize case of the Santa Catarina