Article 9
E23699
Article 9 is the famous pacifist clause of Japan’s postwar constitution that renounces war and prohibits Japan from maintaining traditional military forces.
Aliases (2)
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
constitutional provision
→
peace clause → |
| adoptedIn | 1946 → |
| aimsTo |
prevent Japan from waging war again
→
promote international peace → |
| allows | self-defense under certain interpretations → |
| alsoKnownAs |
Renunciation of War
→
surface form: "Pacifist Clause"
Peace Clause → |
| associatedWith | Japan Self-Defense Forces → |
| cameIntoForceOn | 1947-05-03 → |
| comparedWith | pacifist provisions in other national constitutions → |
| country | Japan → |
| criticizedBy | advocates of stronger national defense → |
| debatedIssue |
collective self-defense
→
constitutional revision → constitutionality of the Japan Self-Defense Forces → |
| declares |
the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation
→
the Japanese people renounce the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes → |
| draftedUnderInfluenceOf |
Allied occupation of Germany
→
surface form: "Allied occupation authorities"
Allied occupation of Japan →
surface form: "United States occupation of Japan"
|
| hasTwoParagraphs |
Paragraph 1 on renunciation of war
→
Paragraph 2 on prohibition of war potential and belligerency → |
| historicalContext | post–World War II settlement in East Asia → |
| influenced |
Japan’s participation in United Nations peacekeeping operations
→
Japan’s postwar security policy → |
| inspiredBy |
pacifism
→
post–World War II demilitarization → |
| interpretedBy |
Cabinet Legislation Bureau of Japan
→
surface form: "Cabinet Legislation Bureau"
Government of Japan → Supreme Court of Japan → |
| language | Japanese → |
| legalStatus | unamended since 1947 → |
| legalSystem | Japanese law → |
| partOf | Constitution of Japan → |
| politicallyAssociatedWith |
Japanese pacifist movements
→
Liberal Democratic Party →
surface form: "Liberal Democratic Party of Japan"
|
| provides |
land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained
→
the right of belligerency of the state will not be recognized → |
| recognizedAs | symbol of Japanese postwar pacifism → |
| referencedIn | international discussions on constitutional pacifism → |
| relatedTo |
Japanese rearmament debate
→
1960 Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security →
surface form: "Japan–United States Security Treaty"
|
| sectionOf | Chapter II of the Constitution of Japan → |
| subject |
limitations on armed forces
→
prohibition of war potential → renunciation of war → |
| supportedBy | many Japanese peace activists → |
| typeOfRestriction | constitutional limitation on use of force → |
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form: "Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan"
this entity surface form: "Article 9 of the Constitution of Japan"