Treaty of Gandamak
E228168
The Treaty of Gandamak was an 1879 agreement that ended the early phase of the Second Anglo-Afghan War by imposing British control over Afghanistan’s foreign affairs and ceding key frontier territories to the British Empire.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Treaty of Gandamak canonical | 6 |
| Treaties of Afghanistan | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2046699 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Gandamak Context triple: [Second Anglo-Afghan War, result, Treaty of Gandamak]
-
A.
Treaty of Sugauli
The Treaty of Sugauli was an 1816 agreement between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Nepal that ended the Anglo-Nepalese War and significantly reduced Nepal’s territory while defining its modern borders.
-
B.
Treaty of Lahore (1846)
The Treaty of Lahore (1846) was the agreement that ended the First Anglo-Sikh War, marking the defeat of the Sikh Empire and ceding significant territory and power to the British East India Company.
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C.
Treaty of 23 December 1865
The Treaty of 23 December 1865 was the international agreement through which several European states standardized their coinage systems, laying the foundation for the Latin Monetary Union.
-
D.
Treaty of Allahabad
The Treaty of Allahabad was a 1765 agreement that marked the formal beginning of British political control in India by granting the East India Company revenue-collecting rights (Diwani) over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
-
E.
London Protocol of 1830
The London Protocol of 1830 was an international agreement by the Great Powers that recognized Greece as an independent state following the Greek War of Independence.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Gandamak Target entity description: The Treaty of Gandamak was an 1879 agreement that ended the early phase of the Second Anglo-Afghan War by imposing British control over Afghanistan’s foreign affairs and ceding key frontier territories to the British Empire.
-
A.
Treaty of Sugauli
The Treaty of Sugauli was an 1816 agreement between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Nepal that ended the Anglo-Nepalese War and significantly reduced Nepal’s territory while defining its modern borders.
-
B.
Treaty of Lahore (1846)
The Treaty of Lahore (1846) was the agreement that ended the First Anglo-Sikh War, marking the defeat of the Sikh Empire and ceding significant territory and power to the British East India Company.
-
C.
Treaty of 23 December 1865
The Treaty of 23 December 1865 was the international agreement through which several European states standardized their coinage systems, laying the foundation for the Latin Monetary Union.
-
D.
Treaty of Allahabad
The Treaty of Allahabad was a 1765 agreement that marked the formal beginning of British political control in India by granting the East India Company revenue-collecting rights (Diwani) over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.
-
E.
London Protocol of 1830
The London Protocol of 1830 was an international agreement by the Great Powers that recognized Greece as an independent state following the Greek War of Independence.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bilateral treaty
ⓘ
historical event ⓘ peace treaty ⓘ |
| aimedTo | secure British strategic interests on the northwest frontier of British India ⓘ |
| categorizedIn |
19th-century treaties
ⓘ
Treaties involving Afghanistan ⓘ Treaties of the British Empire ⓘ |
| cededTerritory |
Khyber Pass
ⓘ
Kurram Valley ⓘ Michni Pass ⓘ Pishin ⓘ Sibi ⓘ |
| cededTerritoryTo | British Empire ⓘ |
| considered | unequal treaty ⓘ |
| countryAffected |
Afghanistan
ⓘ
British India ⓘ |
| date | 1879 ⓘ |
| endedConflictPhase | early phase of the Second Anglo-Afghan War ⓘ |
| followedBy | establishment of a British mission in Kabul ⓘ |
| grantedTo | British Empire the right to station a resident in Kabul ⓘ |
| hasConsequence |
Afghan resentment toward British interference
ⓘ
increased British influence in Afghan internal affairs ⓘ temporary cessation of hostilities in 1879 ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
British India
ⓘ
surface form:
British Raj era
|
| imposedControlOver | Afghanistan's foreign affairs ⓘ |
| language |
English
ⓘ
Persian ⓘ |
| locationOfSigning | village of Gandamak ⓘ |
| partOfConflict | Second Anglo-Afghan War ⓘ |
| precededBy | British military victories in the Second Anglo-Afghan War ⓘ |
| regionConcerned |
North-West Frontier region
ⓘ
surface form:
North-West Frontier
|
| relatedTo | Great Game ⓘ |
| resultedIn |
British control over Afghanistan's foreign policy
ⓘ
cession of frontier territories to the British Empire ⓘ |
| signatoryRepresents | Sir Louis Cavagnari representing the British government ⓘ |
| signatoryRoleOf | Yakub Khan as Amir of Afghanistan ⓘ |
| signedBy |
Sir Louis Cavagnari
ⓘ
Yakub Khan ⓘ |
| signedByParty |
British Empire
ⓘ
Emirate of Afghanistan ⓘ |
| signedIn | Gandamak ⓘ |
| signedInPresentDayCountry | Afghanistan ⓘ |
| signedOn | 26 May 1879 ⓘ |
| stipulated |
Afghanistan to conduct foreign relations only through the British government
ⓘ
British military support to the Amir against external aggression ⓘ British subsidy to the Amir of Afghanistan ⓘ establishment of a British resident in Kabul ⓘ |
| subjectOf | historiographical debates on imperialism in Afghanistan ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Treaty of Gandamak Description of subject: The Treaty of Gandamak was an 1879 agreement that ended the early phase of the Second Anglo-Afghan War by imposing British control over Afghanistan’s foreign affairs and ceding key frontier territories to the British Empire.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Treaties of Afghanistan