Thermidorian Reaction
E21762
The Thermidorian Reaction was a pivotal phase of the French Revolution marked by the overthrow and execution of Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror, leading to a more moderate republican government.
All labels observed (12)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T162327 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thermidorian Reaction Context triple: [French Revolution, keyEvent, Thermidorian Reaction]
-
A.
Coup of 18 Brumaire
The Coup of 18 Brumaire was the 1799 seizure of power in France that overthrew the Directory and paved the way for Napoleon Bonaparte’s rule as First Consul.
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B.
Storming of the Tuileries Palace
The Storming of the Tuileries Palace was a pivotal insurrection on 10 August 1792 during the French Revolution, in which revolutionaries overran the royal residence in Paris and effectively ended King Louis XVI’s constitutional monarchy.
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C.
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a particularly violent and radical phase of the French Revolution marked by mass executions, political purges, and authoritarian rule under the Committee of Public Safety.
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D.
Siege of Toulon
The Siege of Toulon was a pivotal 1793 military engagement during the French Revolutionary Wars in which Republican forces recaptured the key Mediterranean port from Royalist and British control, launching Napoleon Bonaparte’s rise to prominence.
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E.
September Massacres
The September Massacres were a wave of brutal killings of prisoners in Paris in early September 1792, reflecting the radicalization and violent popular justice that marked a turning point in the French Revolution.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thermidorian Reaction Target entity description: The Thermidorian Reaction was a pivotal phase of the French Revolution marked by the overthrow and execution of Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror, leading to a more moderate republican government.
-
A.
Coup of 18 Brumaire
The Coup of 18 Brumaire was the 1799 seizure of power in France that overthrew the Directory and paved the way for Napoleon Bonaparte’s rule as First Consul.
-
B.
Storming of the Tuileries Palace
The Storming of the Tuileries Palace was a pivotal insurrection on 10 August 1792 during the French Revolution, in which revolutionaries overran the royal residence in Paris and effectively ended King Louis XVI’s constitutional monarchy.
-
C.
Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a particularly violent and radical phase of the French Revolution marked by mass executions, political purges, and authoritarian rule under the Committee of Public Safety.
-
D.
Siege of Toulon
The Siege of Toulon was a pivotal 1793 military engagement during the French Revolutionary Wars in which Republican forces recaptured the key Mediterranean port from Royalist and British control, launching Napoleon Bonaparte’s rise to prominence.
-
E.
September Massacres
The September Massacres were a wave of brutal killings of prisoners in Paris in early September 1792, reflecting the radicalization and violent popular justice that marked a turning point in the French Revolution.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
coup
ⓘ
phase of the French Revolution ⓘ political event ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Thermidorian Reaction
ⓘ
surface form:
Thermidorian coup
|
| calendar | French Republican Calendar ⓘ |
| cause |
conflicts within the Committee of Public Safety
ⓘ
fear of further purges by Robespierre ⓘ opposition to the Reign of Terror ⓘ |
| country | France ⓘ |
| endDate | 1795-11-02 ⓘ |
| endDateInFrenchRepublicanCalendar | 12 Brumaire Year IV ⓘ |
| followedBy | French Directory ⓘ |
| FrenchName |
Thermidorian Reaction
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Réaction thermidorienne
|
| historicalPeriod | late French Revolution ⓘ |
| keyEvent |
arrest of Maximilien Robespierre
ⓘ
execution of Georges Couthon ⓘ execution of Louis Antoine de Saint-Just ⓘ execution of Maximilien Robespierre ⓘ execution of Robespierre’s supporters on 10 Thermidor Year II ⓘ |
| languageOfName | French ⓘ |
| legislativeBodyInvolved | National Convention ⓘ |
| location | Paris ⓘ |
| longTermEffect |
consolidation of bourgeois power in France
ⓘ
decline of popular revolutionary politics ⓘ preparation of conditions for Napoleon’s rise ⓘ |
| mainTarget |
Committee of Public Safety radicals
ⓘ
Maximilien Robespierre ⓘ |
| namedAfter | month of Thermidor ⓘ |
| opposedBy | radical Jacobins ⓘ |
| opposes |
policies of the Reign of Terror
ⓘ
radical Jacobinism ⓘ |
| partOf | French Revolution ⓘ |
| politicalAlignment | moderate republicanism ⓘ |
| precededBy | Reign of Terror ⓘ |
| result |
White Terror against former Jacobins
ⓘ
closure of Jacobin Club ⓘ end of the Reign of Terror ⓘ establishment of the Directory ⓘ fall of Maximilien Robespierre ⓘ loosening of price controls ⓘ partial dismantling of revolutionary tribunals ⓘ rise of the Thermidorian Convention ⓘ shift to more moderate republican government ⓘ suppression of radical Jacobins ⓘ weakening of the Committee of Public Safety ⓘ |
| startDate | 1794-07-27 ⓘ |
| startDateInFrenchRepublicanCalendar | 9 Thermidor Year II ⓘ |
| supportedBy |
members of the National Convention
ⓘ
moderate revolutionaries ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Thermidorian Reaction Description of subject: The Thermidorian Reaction was a pivotal phase of the French Revolution marked by the overthrow and execution of Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror, leading to a more moderate republican government.
Referenced by (37)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Thermidorian events of 9 Thermidor Year II
this entity surface form:
Thermidorian Convention
this entity surface form:
Thermidorian coup
this entity surface form:
Réaction thermidorienne
this entity surface form:
Coup of 9 Thermidor
this entity surface form:
Coup of 9 Thermidor
subject surface form:
Paul Barras
subject surface form:
Paul Barras
this entity surface form:
Coup of 9 Thermidor
this entity surface form:
Thermidorians
this entity surface form:
Thermidorians
this entity surface form:
Fall of Robespierre (9 Thermidor Year II)
subject surface form:
Maximilien Robespierre
this entity surface form:
Thermidorian Reaction of 1794
this entity surface form:
Fall of Robespierre
this entity surface form:
ThermidorianReaction
this entity surface form:
Thermidorian Convention
subject surface form:
Paul Barras
subject surface form:
Maximilien Robespierre
this entity surface form:
Fall of Robespierre on 9 Thermidor Year II
subject surface form:
French Directory