Sarcopterygii
E216317
Sarcopterygii is the class of lobe-finned fishes that includes the evolutionary ancestors of all tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals).
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Sarcopterygii canonical | 4 |
| Osteolepiformes | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1933583 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sarcopterygii Context triple: [Osteichthyes, includes, Sarcopterygii]
-
A.
Neopterygii
Neopterygii is a major clade of ray-finned fishes that includes most modern fish species, characterized by more advanced jaw mechanics and fin structures compared to more primitive actinopterygians.
-
B.
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes is a vast taxonomic group of bony fishes characterized by skeletons primarily composed of bone rather than cartilage, encompassing both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes.
-
C.
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii is the diverse class of ray-finned fishes that comprises the vast majority of modern fish species found in marine and freshwater environments.
-
D.
Polypteriformes
Polypteriformes is an ancient order of ray-finned fishes that includes bichirs and reedfish, known for their elongated bodies, ganoid scales, and ability to breathe air.
-
E.
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes is a class of cartilaginous fishes, including sharks, rays, and skates, characterized by skeletons made primarily of cartilage rather than bone.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sarcopterygii Target entity description: Sarcopterygii is the class of lobe-finned fishes that includes the evolutionary ancestors of all tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals).
-
A.
Neopterygii
Neopterygii is a major clade of ray-finned fishes that includes most modern fish species, characterized by more advanced jaw mechanics and fin structures compared to more primitive actinopterygians.
-
B.
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes is a vast taxonomic group of bony fishes characterized by skeletons primarily composed of bone rather than cartilage, encompassing both ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes.
-
C.
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii is the diverse class of ray-finned fishes that comprises the vast majority of modern fish species found in marine and freshwater environments.
-
D.
Polypteriformes
Polypteriformes is an ancient order of ray-finned fishes that includes bichirs and reedfish, known for their elongated bodies, ganoid scales, and ability to breathe air.
-
E.
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes is a class of cartilaginous fishes, including sharks, rays, and skates, characterized by skeletons made primarily of cartilage rather than bone.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
class
ⓘ
taxon ⓘ |
| commonName | lobe-finned fishes ⓘ |
| containsExtantGroups |
coelacanths
ⓘ
lungfishes ⓘ tetrapods ⓘ |
| differenceFromActinopterygii |
fins with axial bone homologous to tetrapod limb bones
ⓘ
fins with robust internal skeleton ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom | Actinopterygii ⓘ |
| firstAppearance |
Silurian
ⓘ
surface form:
Silurian period
|
| fossilRange | Silurian to Recent ⓘ |
| habitat |
freshwater environments
ⓘ
marine environments ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
cosmine-covered scales in many extinct forms
ⓘ
fins supported by a single bone ⓘ fleshy fin bases ⓘ intracranial joint in many early forms ⓘ paired lobed fins ⓘ presence of lungs or lung-like structures in many taxa ⓘ |
| hasNotableGenus | Latimeria ⓘ |
| hasNotableGroup |
Elpistostegalia
ⓘ
Sarcopterygii self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Osteolepiformes
Rhipidistia ⓘ |
| includes |
Coelacanthimorpha
ⓘ
Dipnoi ⓘ Tetrapoda ⓘ amphibians ⓘ birds ⓘ coelacanths ⓘ lungfishes ⓘ mammals ⓘ reptiles ⓘ tetrapodomorphs ⓘ tetrapods ⓘ |
| isAncestorOf |
Tetrapoda
ⓘ
amphibians ⓘ birds ⓘ mammals ⓘ reptiles ⓘ |
| isKeyFor |
evolution of tetrapod limbs
ⓘ
transition from water to land in vertebrates ⓘ |
| isMonophyleticWhenIncludingTetrapods | true ⓘ |
| isParaphyleticInTraditionalSense | true ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| subphylum | Vertebrata ⓘ |
| superclass | Osteichthyes ⓘ |
| taxonRank | class ⓘ |
| typeOfSkeleton | bony skeleton ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Sarcopterygii Description of subject: Sarcopterygii is the class of lobe-finned fishes that includes the evolutionary ancestors of all tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals).
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Osteolepiformes