M109 self-propelled howitzer
E208424
The M109 self-propelled howitzer is a U.S.-designed, tracked 155 mm artillery system widely used by NATO and allied armies for mobile, armored fire support.
All labels observed (9)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| M109 self-propelled howitzer canonical | 6 |
| M109 howitzer | 1 |
| M109A1 | 1 |
| M109A2 | 1 |
| M109A3 | 1 |
| M109A4 | 1 |
| M109A5 | 1 |
| M109A6 Paladin | 1 |
| M109A7 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1828718 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: M109 self-propelled howitzer Context triple: [Greek Army, usesEquipment, M109 self-propelled howitzer]
-
A.
M198 howitzer
The M198 howitzer is a towed 155 mm medium artillery piece used by the U.S. military and allied forces for long-range indirect fire support.
-
B.
M777 howitzer
The M777 howitzer is a lightweight, towed 155mm artillery piece used by the U.S. military and allied forces for long-range, precision fire support.
-
C.
K9 Thunder self-propelled howitzer
The K9 Thunder is a South Korean–developed 155 mm self-propelled howitzer known for its high mobility, rapid rate of fire, and widespread adoption by several modern armies.
-
D.
CAESAR self-propelled howitzer
The CAESAR self-propelled howitzer is a French 155 mm truck-mounted artillery system known for its high mobility, long-range precision fire, and widespread use in modern armies.
-
E.
Stryker armored fighting vehicle
The Stryker armored fighting vehicle is an eight-wheeled, highly mobile, lightly armored combat vehicle used by the U.S. Army for rapid deployment and versatile battlefield roles.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: M109 self-propelled howitzer Target entity description: The M109 self-propelled howitzer is a U.S.-designed, tracked 155 mm artillery system widely used by NATO and allied armies for mobile, armored fire support.
-
A.
M198 howitzer
The M198 howitzer is a towed 155 mm medium artillery piece used by the U.S. military and allied forces for long-range indirect fire support.
-
B.
M777 howitzer
The M777 howitzer is a lightweight, towed 155mm artillery piece used by the U.S. military and allied forces for long-range, precision fire support.
-
C.
K9 Thunder self-propelled howitzer
The K9 Thunder is a South Korean–developed 155 mm self-propelled howitzer known for its high mobility, rapid rate of fire, and widespread adoption by several modern armies.
-
D.
CAESAR self-propelled howitzer
The CAESAR self-propelled howitzer is a French 155 mm truck-mounted artillery system known for its high mobility, long-range precision fire, and widespread use in modern armies.
-
E.
Stryker armored fighting vehicle
The Stryker armored fighting vehicle is an eight-wheeled, highly mobile, lightly armored combat vehicle used by the U.S. Army for rapid deployment and versatile battlefield roles.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
artillery system
ⓘ
self-propelled howitzer ⓘ tracked armored vehicle ⓘ |
| armament | 155 mm howitzer ⓘ |
| chassisType | tracked ⓘ |
| conflict |
Gulf War
ⓘ
Iran–Iraq War ⓘ Iraq War ⓘ Vietnam War ⓘ War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) ⓘ Yom Kippur War ⓘ various Middle East conflicts ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| crew |
4
ⓘ
6 ⓘ |
| designer | United States Army ⓘ |
| enteredService | 1963 ⓘ |
| hasVariant |
M109 self-propelled howitzer
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
M109A1
M109 self-propelled howitzer self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
M109A2
M109 self-propelled howitzer self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
M109A3
M109 self-propelled howitzer self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
M109A4
M109 self-propelled howitzer self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
M109A5
M109 self-propelled howitzer self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
M109A6 Paladin
M109 self-propelled howitzer self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
M109A7
|
| mobility | armored tracked vehicle capable of cross-country movement ⓘ |
| notableFeature |
ability to fire NATO-standard 155 mm ammunition
ⓘ
armored crew compartment ⓘ turreted 155 mm gun ⓘ |
| operator |
Germany
ⓘ
Israel ⓘ Italy ⓘ Norway ⓘ Saudi Arabia ⓘ South Korea ⓘ Switzerland ⓘ Turkey ⓘ United Kingdom ⓘ
surface form:
United Kingdom (historical)
United States of America ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| originatesFromProgram | U.S. self-propelled artillery modernization program of the 1950s ⓘ |
| primaryCaliber | 155 mm ⓘ |
| propulsion |
diesel engine (later variants)
ⓘ
gasoline engine (early variants) ⓘ |
| replaced | M44 self-propelled howitzer ⓘ |
| role |
indirect fire support
ⓘ
mobile artillery fire support ⓘ |
| successor |
Extended Range Cannon Artillery (ERCA) program (planned)
ⓘ
XM1203 NLOS-C (canceled) ⓘ XM2001 Crusader (canceled) ⓘ |
| usedBy |
NATO member states
ⓘ
United States Army ⓘ allied armies worldwide ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: M109 self-propelled howitzer Description of subject: The M109 self-propelled howitzer is a U.S.-designed, tracked 155 mm artillery system widely used by NATO and allied armies for mobile, armored fire support.
Referenced by (14)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
M109A1
this entity surface form:
M109A2
this entity surface form:
M109A3
this entity surface form:
M109A4
this entity surface form:
M109A5
this entity surface form:
M109A6 Paladin
this entity surface form:
M109A7
subject surface form:
M982 Excalibur
this entity surface form:
M109 howitzer