General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order")
E200174
General Order No. 28 (the New Orleans "Woman Order") was a highly controversial Civil War directive by Union General Benjamin F. Butler that threatened to treat women in Confederate-occupied New Orleans who insulted Union troops as prostitutes under military law.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order") canonical | 1 |
| New Orleans Woman Order | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1772028 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order") Context triple: [Benjamin F. Butler, issued, General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order")]
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A.
General Order No. 1
General Order No. 1 was the directive issued at the end of World War II that outlined the procedures for the surrender of Japanese forces and the initial occupation arrangements by the Allies.
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B.
Home rule charter of the City of New Orleans
The Home Rule Charter of the City of New Orleans is the city’s foundational governing document that defines its structure, powers, and responsibilities as a self-governing municipality under Louisiana law.
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C.
Charter of the City of St. Louis
The Charter of the City of St. Louis is the foundational legal document that functions as the city’s constitution, defining its governmental structure, powers, and administrative framework.
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D.
Society of St. Tammany
The Society of St. Tammany was an early New York City fraternal and political organization that evolved into the powerful Democratic Party machine later known as Tammany Hall.
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E.
Orders of Council
Orders of Council are formal legal instruments made by the UK Privy Council to implement or administer government decisions, often under powers delegated by Parliament or the Crown.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order") Target entity description: General Order No. 28 (the New Orleans "Woman Order") was a highly controversial Civil War directive by Union General Benjamin F. Butler that threatened to treat women in Confederate-occupied New Orleans who insulted Union troops as prostitutes under military law.
-
A.
General Order No. 1
General Order No. 1 was the directive issued at the end of World War II that outlined the procedures for the surrender of Japanese forces and the initial occupation arrangements by the Allies.
-
B.
Home rule charter of the City of New Orleans
The Home Rule Charter of the City of New Orleans is the city’s foundational governing document that defines its structure, powers, and responsibilities as a self-governing municipality under Louisiana law.
-
C.
Charter of the City of St. Louis
The Charter of the City of St. Louis is the foundational legal document that functions as the city’s constitution, defining its governmental structure, powers, and administrative framework.
-
D.
Society of St. Tammany
The Society of St. Tammany was an early New York City fraternal and political organization that evolved into the powerful Democratic Party machine later known as Tammany Hall.
-
E.
Orders of Council
Orders of Council are formal legal instruments made by the UK Privy Council to implement or administer government decisions, often under powers delegated by Parliament or the Crown.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
American Civil War document
ⓘ
Union Army order ⓘ military order ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Butler’s Woman Order
ⓘ
General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order") ⓘ
surface form:
New Orleans Woman Order
Woman Order ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
New Orleans
ⓘ
occupied New Orleans ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Benjamin F. Butler
ⓘ
Department of the Gulf ⓘ Capture of New Orleans ⓘ
surface form:
Union occupation of New Orleans
|
| conflict | American Civil War ⓘ |
| controversial | true ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| criticizedBy |
British press
ⓘ
Confederate States of America ⓘ
surface form:
Confederate government
European public opinion ⓘ French press ⓘ Jefferson Davis ⓘ |
| defendedBy | Benjamin F. Butler ⓘ |
| effectOnPopulation | chilled open displays of contempt toward Union troops ⓘ |
| enforcementMechanism | Union military authorities in New Orleans ⓘ |
| genderAspect | explicitly targeted women’s conduct ⓘ |
| governingAuthority | Union military occupation government in New Orleans ⓘ |
| historicalReputation | one of the most notorious Union orders of the Civil War ⓘ |
| impactOn |
Union–Confederate relations
ⓘ
international perception of Union conduct ⓘ |
| issuedBy |
Benjamin F. Butler
ⓘ
Army of the Gulf ⓘ
surface form:
Union Army Department of the Gulf
|
| justificationGiven | protection of Union soldiers from public insult ⓘ |
| languageUsed | women insulting Union soldiers would be regarded and held liable to be treated as women of the town plying their avocation ⓘ |
| legacy | symbol of harshness of Union occupation in Southern memory ⓘ |
| legalCharacterization | order regulating civilian behavior under martial law ⓘ |
| legalStatus | military law ⓘ |
| locationIssued | New Orleans ⓘ |
| mainProvision | women insulting or showing contempt to Union soldiers could be treated as prostitutes ⓘ |
| perceivedAs |
insult to Southern womanhood
ⓘ
threat of sexualized punishment ⓘ |
| purpose | to deter public insults and contempt toward Union troops ⓘ |
| reason | hostile behavior of many New Orleans women toward Union soldiers ⓘ |
| side | Union ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
Confederate propaganda
ⓘ
Union–Confederate diplomatic exchanges ⓘ historical debate on gender and military occupation ⓘ |
| targetedPopulation | women in New Orleans ⓘ |
| typeOfSanction | threat of being treated as a woman of the town plying her avocation ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order") Description of subject: General Order No. 28 (the New Orleans "Woman Order") was a highly controversial Civil War directive by Union General Benjamin F. Butler that threatened to treat women in Confederate-occupied New Orleans who insulted Union troops as prostitutes under military law.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order")
→
alsoKnownAs
→
General Order No. 28 (New Orleans "Woman Order")
ⓘ
this entity surface form:
New Orleans Woman Order