Article III, Section 1 of the United States Constitution

E16092

constitutional provision section of the United States Constitution

Article III, Section 1 of the United States Constitution is the provision that establishes the federal judiciary, including the Supreme Court, and guarantees life tenure and salary protection for federal judges.

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Observed surface forms (1)

Surface form	Occurrences
Article III of the United States Constitution	5

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	constitutional provision ⓘ section of the United States Constitution ⓘ
adoptedOn	1788 ⓘ
appliesTo	Article III judges ⓘ judges of inferior federal courts ⓘ judges of the Supreme Court ⓘ
authorizes	Congress to establish inferior courts ⓘ
branchOfGovernment	judicial branch ⓘ
cameIntoForce	1789 ⓘ
constitutionalBasisFor	lifetime appointment of federal judges ⓘ protection of judicial salaries from reduction ⓘ
country	United States of America ⓘ
defines	constitutional basis of the federal judiciary ⓘ
distinguishesFrom	United States territorial courts ⓘ surface form: Article I courts
ensures	tenure during good behaviour for Article III judges ⓘ
establishes	Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ
excludes	non-Article III tribunals created under Article I ⓘ
framersConcern	creation of a coequal judicial branch ⓘ protection of judges from political pressure ⓘ
guarantees	life tenure for federal judges during good behaviour ⓘ salary protection for federal judges ⓘ
historicalContext	drafted at the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 ⓘ
influencedBy	doctrine of separation of powers ⓘ principle of judicial independence ⓘ
interpretedBy	Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ
jurisdiction	United States government ⓘ surface form: United States federal government
language	English ⓘ
legalEffect	creates the judicial branch of the federal government ⓘ
locatedInDocument	Article III ⓘ
partOf	Article III of the United States Constitution ⓘ United States Constitution ⓘ
prohibits	Congress from reducing sitting federal judges’ salaries ⓘ diminution of federal judges’ compensation during their continuance in office ⓘ
purpose	to ensure independence of the federal judiciary ⓘ
quotedText	The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office. ⓘ The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. ⓘ
relatedTo	Article III, Section 2 of the United States Constitution ⓘ Article III, Section 3 of the United States Constitution ⓘ
subject	Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ compensation of federal judges ⓘ federal judiciary ⓘ inferior federal courts ⓘ tenure of federal judges ⓘ
typeOfTenure	during good behaviour ⓘ
usedIn	cases concerning judicial independence ⓘ cases concerning separation of powers ⓘ judicial review cases ⓘ

Referenced by (6)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Bond v. United States → concernsConstitutionalProvision → Article III, Section 1 of the United States Constitution ⓘ