Stokes shift
E155871
Stokes shift is a phenomenon in spectroscopy where the wavelength of emitted light is longer (lower energy) than that of the absorbed light, commonly observed in fluorescence and phosphorescence.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Stokes shift canonical | 4 |
| Stokes shift in spectroscopy | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1367419 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stokes shift Context triple: [George Gabriel Stokes, knownFor, Stokes shift]
-
A.
Raman effect
The Raman effect is a spectroscopic phenomenon in which light scattered by a material undergoes a change in wavelength due to interactions with the material’s molecular vibrations, providing a powerful tool for chemical and structural analysis.
-
B.
Franck–Condon principle
The Franck–Condon principle is a rule in molecular spectroscopy that explains the intensity distribution of vibronic transitions by assuming electronic transitions occur much faster than nuclear motion, making vertical transitions between vibrational states most probable.
-
C.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
-
D.
Huang–Rhys factor
The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
-
E.
Lorentz–Lorenz equation
The Lorentz–Lorenz equation is a fundamental relation in optics and electromagnetism that connects a material’s refractive index to its molecular polarizability and density.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stokes shift Target entity description: Stokes shift is a phenomenon in spectroscopy where the wavelength of emitted light is longer (lower energy) than that of the absorbed light, commonly observed in fluorescence and phosphorescence.
-
A.
Raman effect
The Raman effect is a spectroscopic phenomenon in which light scattered by a material undergoes a change in wavelength due to interactions with the material’s molecular vibrations, providing a powerful tool for chemical and structural analysis.
-
B.
Franck–Condon principle
The Franck–Condon principle is a rule in molecular spectroscopy that explains the intensity distribution of vibronic transitions by assuming electronic transitions occur much faster than nuclear motion, making vertical transitions between vibrational states most probable.
-
C.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
-
D.
Huang–Rhys factor
The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
-
E.
Lorentz–Lorenz equation
The Lorentz–Lorenz equation is a fundamental relation in optics and electromagnetism that connects a material’s refractive index to its molecular polarizability and density.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
optical phenomenon
ⓘ
spectroscopic phenomenon ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
molecular fluorophores
ⓘ
phosphors ⓘ quantum dots ⓘ |
| canBe |
large for strongly solvatochromic dyes
ⓘ
small for rigid molecules in nonpolar solvents ⓘ |
| causedBy |
environmental reorganization around excited state
ⓘ
internal conversion ⓘ solvent relaxation ⓘ structural reorganization of molecule ⓘ vibrational relaxation in excited state ⓘ |
| contrastedWith | anti-Stokes emission ⓘ |
| definedAs | difference between positions of absorption and emission maxima ⓘ |
| dependsOn |
local environment of chromophore
ⓘ
molecular structure ⓘ solvent polarity ⓘ temperature ⓘ |
| firstDescribedBy |
George Stokes
ⓘ
surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
|
| importantFor |
minimizing spectral overlap in fluorescence detection
ⓘ
reducing self-absorption in luminescent materials ⓘ separation of excitation and emission bands ⓘ |
| measuredIn |
energy units
ⓘ
wavelength units ⓘ wavenumber units ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
George Stokes
ⓘ
surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
|
| observedAs | red shift of emission relative to absorption ⓘ |
| occursIn |
Raman effect
ⓘ
surface form:
Raman spectroscopy
biological fluorescence imaging ⓘ fluorescence ⓘ fluorescent dye spectroscopy ⓘ luminescence spectroscopy ⓘ phosphorescence ⓘ photoluminescence ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Franck–Condon principle
ⓘ
Jablonski diagram ⓘ anti-Stokes shift ⓘ fluorescence quantum yield ⓘ nonradiative relaxation ⓘ |
| typicalDirection |
emission at longer wavelength than absorption
ⓘ
emission at lower photon energy than absorption ⓘ |
| usedIn |
design of fluorescent probes
ⓘ
fluorescence microscopy ⓘ fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments ⓘ fluorescent labeling in biology ⓘ fluorescent solar concentrators ⓘ optical sensing ⓘ time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Stokes shift Description of subject: Stokes shift is a phenomenon in spectroscopy where the wavelength of emitted light is longer (lower energy) than that of the absorbed light, commonly observed in fluorescence and phosphorescence.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
this entity surface form:
Stokes shift in spectroscopy
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes