Export Control Reform Act of 2018
E145785
The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 is a U.S. federal law that modernizes and strengthens the framework for controlling exports of sensitive dual-use technologies and related items for national security and foreign policy purposes.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Export Control Reform Act of 2018 canonical | 4 |
| Export Administration Regulations Act (authority provisions) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1274829 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Export Control Reform Act of 2018 Context triple: [Bureau of Industry and Security, legalAuthority, Export Control Reform Act of 2018]
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A.
Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
The Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act is a U.S. federal law that imposes wide-ranging sanctions on Russia, Iran, and North Korea in response to activities such as election interference, regional aggression, and human rights abuses.
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B.
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018 is a U.S. federal law that formally established the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) within the Department of Homeland Security to lead national efforts to protect critical infrastructure from cyber and physical threats.
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C.
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
The John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 is a U.S. federal law that authorized defense spending and set military policies for the 2019 fiscal year, named in honor of Senator John McCain.
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D.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 is a U.S. federal law that set defense policy and funding for 2020 and notably established the United States Space Force as a new branch of the armed forces.
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E.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 is a major U.S. federal law that authorizes defense spending and includes wide-ranging policy provisions, including significant reforms to anti-money laundering regulations.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Export Control Reform Act of 2018 Target entity description: The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 is a U.S. federal law that modernizes and strengthens the framework for controlling exports of sensitive dual-use technologies and related items for national security and foreign policy purposes.
-
A.
Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act
The Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act is a U.S. federal law that imposes wide-ranging sanctions on Russia, Iran, and North Korea in response to activities such as election interference, regional aggression, and human rights abuses.
-
B.
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Act of 2018 is a U.S. federal law that formally established the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) within the Department of Homeland Security to lead national efforts to protect critical infrastructure from cyber and physical threats.
-
C.
John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
The John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 is a U.S. federal law that authorized defense spending and set military policies for the 2019 fiscal year, named in honor of Senator John McCain.
-
D.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 is a U.S. federal law that set defense policy and funding for 2020 and notably established the United States Space Force as a new branch of the armed forces.
-
E.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 is a major U.S. federal law that authorizes defense spending and includes wide-ranging policy provisions, including significant reforms to anti-money laundering regulations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal statute
ⓘ
export control law ⓘ |
| administeredBy |
Bureau of Industry and Security
ⓘ
U.S. Department of Commerce ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
U.S. persons worldwide
ⓘ
foreign persons dealing in U.S.-origin items ⓘ |
| authorizes | unilateral export controls by the United States ⓘ |
| codifiedIn | Title 50 of the United States Code ⓘ |
| contains | extraterritorial application provisions ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| covers |
commodities
ⓘ
software ⓘ technology ⓘ |
| directsAgency |
Bureau of Industry and Security
ⓘ
U.S. Department of Commerce ⓘ |
| enactedBy | 115th United States Congress ⓘ |
| encourages | multilateral export controls with allies and partners ⓘ |
| establishes | permanent statutory authority for the Export Administration Regulations ⓘ |
| includes |
anti-terrorism controls
ⓘ
foreign policy controls ⓘ national security controls ⓘ nonproliferation controls ⓘ |
| legislativeSubject |
export controls
ⓘ
international trade ⓘ national security ⓘ |
| partOf | John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 ⓘ |
| policyGoal |
maintain U.S. leadership in science, technology, engineering, and manufacturing
ⓘ
prevent adversaries from exploiting U.S. technology ⓘ |
| primaryPurpose |
control exports of sensitive dual-use items
ⓘ
modernize U.S. export control system ⓘ protect United States national security ⓘ support United States foreign policy objectives ⓘ |
| providesFor |
civil penalties for export control violations
ⓘ
criminal penalties for willful export control violations ⓘ denial of export privileges ⓘ enforcement authorities for investigations ⓘ |
| publicLawNumber | Public Law 115-232 ⓘ |
| regulates |
export of dual-use items
ⓘ
in-country transfers of dual-use items ⓘ reexports of dual-use items ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States
ⓘ
Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 ⓘ |
| replaced | Export Administration Act of 1979 ⓘ |
| requires |
establishment of controls on emerging and foundational technologies
ⓘ
identification of emerging and foundational technologies ⓘ |
| restoredAuthorityTo |
President of the United States
ⓘ
U.S. Department of Commerce ⓘ |
| shortName | ECRA ⓘ |
| signedBy | Donald Trump ⓘ |
| titleInPublicLaw | Title XVII, Subtitle B ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 2018 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Export Control Reform Act of 2018 Description of subject: The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 is a U.S. federal law that modernizes and strengthens the framework for controlling exports of sensitive dual-use technologies and related items for national security and foreign policy purposes.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Bureau of Industry and Security
subject surface form:
Export Administration Regulations
subject surface form:
Export Administration Regulations
this entity surface form:
Export Administration Regulations Act (authority provisions)