Schutzstaffel (SS)

E14124

Nazi organization paramilitary organization security organization

The Schutzstaffel (SS) was Nazi Germany’s paramilitary organization that became a central instrument of terror, overseeing the police state, racial persecution, and the operation of extermination and concentration camps during the Holocaust.

Aliases (13)

Schutzstaffel ×153
Allgemeine SS ×13
SS-Totenkopfverbände ×6
Allgemeine SS units ×1
German SS ×1
Nazi SS ×1
Nazi paramilitary organizations ×1
Reichsführung-SS ×1
SS and Police Leader Jürgen Stroop's forces ×1
Schutzstaffel rank structure ×1
Sicherheitsdienst des Reichsführers-SS ×1
Stosstrupp (later SS formations) ×1
Waffen-SS ×1

Statements (61)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Nazi organization → paramilitary organization → security organization →
controlled	German police forces → security services in occupied territories →
country	Nazi Germany →
dateFounded	1925 →
declaredCriminalOrganizationBy	International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg →
declaredCriminalOrganizationIn	Nuremberg Trials →
dissolved	1945 →
dissolvedAfter	defeat of Nazi Germany →
distinctFrom	SA → Wehrmacht →
engagedIn	ethnic cleansing → forced labor system → genocide → medical experiments on prisoners →
foundedBy	Adolf Hitler →
grewFrom	Hitler’s personal bodyguard unit →
ideology	Nazism → antisemitism → fascism → racism →
leaderTitle	Reichsführer-SS →
loyalTo	Adolf Hitler → Führerprinzip →
militaryBranch	Waffen-SS →
nativeLanguage	German →
nativeName	Schutzstaffel →
notableLeader	Ernst Kaltenbrunner → Heinrich Himmler → Karl Hanke → Reinhard Heydrich →
operatedDuring	World War II →
oversaw	concentration camps → extermination camps → police state apparatus →
partOf	Nazi Party →
peakMembership	over one million members →
placeFounded	Munich →
predecessor	Stoßtrupp-Hitler →
primaryFunction	enforcement of Nazi racial policy → internal security → suppression of opposition →
responsibleFor	Holocaust → crimes against humanity → mass murder of Jews → mass murder of Roma → mass murder of political opponents → war crimes →
shortName	SS →
subOrganization	Allgemeine SS → Gestapo → Kripo → Reich Main Security Office → SS-Totenkopfverbände → Sicherheitsdienst → Waffen-SS →
symbol	SS runes →
translation	Protection Squadron →
uniformColor	black →

Referenced by (126)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Adolf Eichmann ("Schutzstaffel") → Christian Wirth ("Schutzstaffel") → Eberhard Schöngarth ("Schutzstaffel") → Eberhard Schöngarth ("Schutzstaffel") → Ernst Wilhelm Bohle ("Schutzstaffel") → Franz Stangl ("Schutzstaffel") → Heinrich Himmler ("Schutzstaffel") → Heinrich Klopfer ("Schutzstaffel") → Irmfried Eberl ("Schutzstaffel") → Joachim von Ribbentrop ("Schutzstaffel") → Josef Bühler ("Schutzstaffel") → Josef Mengele ("Schutzstaffel") → Kurt Franz ("Schutzstaffel") → Lorenz Hackenholt ("Schutzstaffel") → Martin Luther (Nazi official) ("Schutzstaffel") → Martin Luther (diplomat) ("Schutzstaffel") → Odilo Globocnik ("Schutzstaffel") → Otto Hofmann ("Schutzstaffel") → Otto Ohlendorf ("Schutzstaffel") → Paul Blobel ("Schutzstaffel") → Reinhard Heydrich ("Schutzstaffel") → Rudolf Höss ("Schutzstaffel") → Rudolf Lange ("Schutzstaffel") → Walter Schellenberg ("Schutzstaffel") → Wilhelm Bittrich ("Schutzstaffel") → Wilhelm Keppler ("Schutzstaffel") → Wilhelm Schepmann ("Schutzstaffel") → Wilhelm Stuckart ("Schutzstaffel") →	memberOf
Einsatzgruppen ("Schutzstaffel") → Head of the SS Main Economic and Administrative Office (oversight) ("Schutzstaffel") → Higher SS and Police Leader in the Netherlands ("Schutzstaffel") → Inland-SD ("Sicherheitsdienst des Reichsführers-SS") → Reichsführer-SS ("Schutzstaffel") → Reinhard program authorities ("Schutzstaffel") → SS Main Economic and Administrative Office ("Schutzstaffel") → SS Planning Office ("Schutzstaffel") → SS Race and Settlement Main Office ("Schutzstaffel") → SS Security Service (SD) → SS units ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Obersturmbannführer ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Standartenführer ("Schutzstaffel rank structure") → SS-Verfügungstruppe ("Schutzstaffel") → Waffen-SS ("Schutzstaffel") →	partOf
Auschwitz-Birkenau → Belzec ("SS-Totenkopfverbände") → Bergen-Belsen ("Schutzstaffel") → Buchenwald ("Schutzstaffel") → Dachau concentration camp ("Schutzstaffel") → Konzentrationslager Ettersberg ("Schutzstaffel") → Majdanek ("Schutzstaffel") → Nazi camp system → Ohrdruf subcamp ("Schutzstaffel") → SD ("Schutzstaffel") → Sachsenhausen concentration camp ("Schutzstaffel") → Sachsenhausen concentration camp ("SS-Totenkopfverbände") → Sobibor ("SS-Totenkopfverbände") → Theresienstadt concentration camp ("Schutzstaffel") →	operatedBy
SS runes ("Schutzstaffel") → SS runes ("Allgemeine SS") → SS-Brigadeführer ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Brigadeführer ("Allgemeine SS") → SS-Obergruppenführer ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Obergruppenführer ("Allgemeine SS") → SS-Obersturmbannführer ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Obersturmbannführer ("Allgemeine SS") → SS-Standartenführer ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Standartenführer ("Allgemeine SS") → SS-Sturmbannführer ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Sturmbannführer ("Allgemeine SS") →	usedBy
Reichsführer-SS ("Schutzstaffel") → SD ("Allgemeine SS") → SS ("Allgemeine SS") → SS ("SS-Totenkopfverbände") → SS-Obersturmbannführer ("Schutzstaffel") →	branch
Chełmno extermination camp ("Schutzstaffel") → Operation Himmler ("Schutzstaffel") → Operation Hummingbird ("Schutzstaffel") → Samudaripen ("Nazi SS") →	perpetrator
Christian Wirth ("Schutzstaffel") → Eberhard Schöngarth ("Schutzstaffel") → Reinhard Heydrich ("Schutzstaffel") →	militaryBranch
Italian campaign ("Waffen-SS") → Operation Kutschera ("Schutzstaffel") → Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ("SS and Police Leader Jürgen Stroop's forces") →	opponent
Storm Troopers ("Schutzstaffel") → Sturmabteilung ("Schutzstaffel") → Sturmabteilung ("Schutzstaffel") →	rivalOrganization
Nacht der langen Messer ("Schutzstaffel") → Night of the Long Knives ("Schutzstaffel") →	carriedOutBy
Mittelwerk underground factory ("Schutzstaffel") → SS security zone at Obersalzberg ("Schutzstaffel") →	controlledBy
Otto Hofmann ("Schutzstaffel") → Rudolf Höss ("SS-Totenkopfverbände") →	employer
Stoßtrupp-Hitler ("Schutzstaffel") → Stoßtrupp-Hitler ("Stosstrupp (later SS formations)") →	followedBy
SD ("Schutzstaffel") → SS-Verfügungstruppe ("Reichsführung-SS") →	parentOrganization
Plaszow concentration camp ("Schutzstaffel") → Treblinka ("SS-Totenkopfverbände") →	perpetratorOrganization
Heinrich Gley ("Schutzstaffel") →	affiliation
Ausland-SD ("Schutzstaffel") →	allegiance
Reichsführer-SS ("Allgemeine SS") →	controls
RuSHA Trial ("Schutzstaffel") →	criminalOrganization
SS-Verfügungstruppe ("Allgemeine SS") →	distinctFrom
Protection Squadron ("Allgemeine SS") →	hasBranch
Protection Squadron ("Schutzstaffel") →	hasOriginalName
SS units ("Allgemeine SS units") →	hasPart
Lublin Ghetto →	hasPerpetrator
GeneralplanOstPolicies →	implementedBy
Schutzstaffel ("Schutzstaffel") →	nativeName
Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp ("Schutzstaffel") →	operator
Jewish Combat Organization ("German SS") →	opposedBy
Operation Hummingbird ("Schutzstaffel") →	organizedBy
Heinrich Himmler ("Schutzstaffel") →	oversaw
Nazi Party ("Schutzstaffel") →	paramilitaryWing
Storm Troopers ("Schutzstaffel") →	purgedBy
Night of the Long Knives ("Schutzstaffel") →	relatedOrganization
Stoßtrupp-Hitler ("Schutzstaffel") →	relatedTo
Storm Detachment ("Schutzstaffel") →	repressedBy
Nazi Germany ("Schutzstaffel") →	securityOrganization
SS-Obersturmbannführer ("Allgemeine SS") →	serviceBranchContext
Reich Main Security Office ("Schutzstaffel") →	subordinateTo
Schutzstaffel ("Allgemeine SS") →	subOrganization
SS runes ("Schutzstaffel") →	symbolOf
Protection Squadron ("Schutzstaffel") →	translationOfName
SS-Standartenführer ("Nazi paramilitary organizations") →	usedIn