Exchange Rate Mechanism

E12916

The Exchange Rate Mechanism was a European monetary system designed to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability in preparation for the Economic and Monetary Union and the eventual adoption of the euro.

Observed surface forms (2)


Statements (42)

Predicate Object
instanceOf European monetary arrangement
exchange rate system
fixed-but-adjustable exchange rate regime
aimedAt limiting competitive devaluations among European countries
supporting creation of a single European market
alsoKnownAs ERM
appliesTo pre-euro period of European monetary integration
appliesToJurisdiction European Economic Community
surface form: European Community
basedOn Deutsche Mark as anchor currency in practice
componentOf process of European Economic and Monetary Union
continuesAs Exchange Rate Mechanism self-linksurface differs
surface form: Exchange Rate Mechanism II for non-euro EU members
country member states of the European Economic Community
currency European national currencies prior to the euro
endTime 1999 for countries adopting the euro
foundedBy member states of the European Economic Community
goal achieve monetary stability in Europe
prepare for Economic and Monetary Union
prepare for adoption of the euro
reduce exchange rate variability among European currencies
hasEffect convergence of inflation rates in participating countries
greater exchange rate stability within Western Europe
hasPart bilateral central rates against the European Currency Unit
inception 13 March 1979
influenced design of the euro area monetary framework
legalBasis agreements among central banks of EEC member states
monitoredBy Committee of Governors of the Central Banks of the Member States of the EEC
central banks of participating states
partOf European Monetary System
precededBy earlier European currency arrangements such as the Snake in the Tunnel
regulates bilateral exchange rates between participating European currencies
replacedBy Exchange Rate Mechanism self-linksurface differs
surface form: Exchange Rate Mechanism II

euro area single currency regime
significantEvent 1992–1993 European exchange rate crisis
widening of fluctuation bands to ±15% in 1993
withdrawal of the British pound from the ERM in 1992
startTime 1979
typeOf regional monetary cooperation arrangement
uses European Currency Unit
surface form: European Currency Unit as reference unit

central exchange rate parities
fluctuation bands around central parities
mutual intervention obligations by central banks
short-term monetary support mechanisms

Referenced by (7)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Exchange Rate Mechanism continuesAs Exchange Rate Mechanism self-linksurface differs
this entity surface form: Exchange Rate Mechanism II for non-euro EU members
ERM fullName Exchange Rate Mechanism
this entity surface form: Exchange Rate Mechanism II
European Monetary System hasPart Exchange Rate Mechanism
Deutsche Mark participatedIn Exchange Rate Mechanism
European Currency Unit relatedConcept Exchange Rate Mechanism
Exchange Rate Mechanism replacedBy Exchange Rate Mechanism self-linksurface differs
this entity surface form: Exchange Rate Mechanism II