Encapsulating Security Payload
E123426
Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is a core IPsec protocol that provides confidentiality, integrity, and optional authentication for IP packets through encryption and encapsulation.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Encapsulating Security Payload canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1077077 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Encapsulating Security Payload Context triple: [IPsec, usesProtocol, Encapsulating Security Payload]
-
A.
IPsec
IPsec is a suite of protocols that provides secure, encrypted communication over IP networks by authenticating and protecting the integrity and confidentiality of data packets.
-
B.
Advanced Encryption Standard
Advanced Encryption Standard is a widely used symmetric block cipher standard that secures digital data in applications ranging from wireless networks to government communications.
-
C.
SRTP for secure media transport
SRTP for secure media transport is a security protocol that encrypts and authenticates real-time audio and video streams, commonly used in VoIP and WebRTC communications.
-
D.
Wired Equivalent Privacy
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is an early and now largely obsolete Wi‑Fi security protocol known for its weak encryption and significant vulnerabilities.
-
E.
Wi‑Fi Protected Access
Wi‑Fi Protected Access is a family of security protocols designed to protect wireless computer networks by providing stronger data encryption and user authentication than earlier Wi‑Fi standards.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Encapsulating Security Payload Target entity description: Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is a core IPsec protocol that provides confidentiality, integrity, and optional authentication for IP packets through encryption and encapsulation.
-
A.
IPsec
IPsec is a suite of protocols that provides secure, encrypted communication over IP networks by authenticating and protecting the integrity and confidentiality of data packets.
-
B.
Advanced Encryption Standard
Advanced Encryption Standard is a widely used symmetric block cipher standard that secures digital data in applications ranging from wireless networks to government communications.
-
C.
SRTP for secure media transport
SRTP for secure media transport is a security protocol that encrypts and authenticates real-time audio and video streams, commonly used in VoIP and WebRTC communications.
-
D.
Wired Equivalent Privacy
Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is an early and now largely obsolete Wi‑Fi security protocol known for its weak encryption and significant vulnerabilities.
-
E.
Wi‑Fi Protected Access
Wi‑Fi Protected Access is a family of security protocols designed to protect wireless computer networks by providing stronger data encryption and user authentication than earlier Wi‑Fi standards.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
IPsec protocol
ⓘ
network security protocol ⓘ |
| abbreviation | ESP ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
IPv4
ⓘ
IPv6 ⓘ |
| canBeUsedWithout | Authentication Header ⓘ |
| canEncrypt |
ICMP messages
ⓘ
TCP segments ⓘ UDP datagrams ⓘ upper-layer protocols ⓘ |
| canProvide | authentication ⓘ |
| canUseAlgorithmType |
block ciphers
ⓘ
message authentication codes ⓘ stream ciphers ⓘ symmetric encryption algorithms ⓘ |
| commonlyUsedWith | IKE ⓘ |
| comparedWith | Authentication Header ⓘ |
| definedIn | IPsec architecture ⓘ |
| differenceFromAuthenticationHeader | provides encryption in addition to integrity ⓘ |
| function |
provide anti-replay protection
ⓘ
provide connectionless integrity ⓘ provide data origin authentication ⓘ provide limited traffic flow confidentiality ⓘ |
| headerField |
Security Parameters Index
ⓘ
Sequence Number ⓘ |
| identifiedBy | IP protocol number 50 ⓘ |
| mayInclude | Integrity Check Value ⓘ |
| obsoletes | RFC 2406 ⓘ |
| operatesAtLayer | network layer ⓘ |
| partOf | IPsec ⓘ |
| primaryFunction | provide confidentiality for IP packets ⓘ |
| protects | IP payload ⓘ |
| requires | key management ⓘ |
| securityProperty |
anti-replay
ⓘ
authentication ⓘ confidentiality ⓘ integrity ⓘ |
| specifiedIn | RFC 4303 ⓘ |
| standardizedBy |
Internet Engineering Task Force
ⓘ
surface form:
IETF
|
| supportsMode |
transport mode
ⓘ
tunnel mode ⓘ |
| trailerField |
Next Header
ⓘ
Pad Length ⓘ Padding ⓘ |
| usedIn |
IPsec
ⓘ
surface form:
IPsec tunnels
VPNs ⓘ remote access VPNs ⓘ site-to-site VPNs ⓘ |
| uses |
Security Association
ⓘ
encapsulation ⓘ encryption ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Encapsulating Security Payload Description of subject: Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) is a core IPsec protocol that provides confidentiality, integrity, and optional authentication for IP packets through encryption and encapsulation.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.