"Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System"
E105798
"Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" is a seminal 1978 paper that introduced logical clocks and the happened-before relation, fundamentally shaping the theory and practice of distributed computing.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" canonical | 1 |
| Lamport clock | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T886669 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" Context triple: [Leslie Lamport, notableWork, "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System"]
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A.
IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Distributed Processing
The IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Distributed Processing is a professional body within the IEEE Computer Society that focuses on advancing research, standards, and community activities in distributed computing systems and related technologies.
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B.
Paxos
Paxos is a small Greek island in the Ionian Sea, known for its clear turquoise waters, olive groves, and tranquil, less-touristed atmosphere.
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C.
The Computer as a Communication Device
"The Computer as a Communication Device" is a seminal 1968 essay by J.C.R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, networked computing as a medium for human collaboration and communication, foreshadowing the modern internet.
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D.
International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
The International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems is a leading annual research conference focused on the theory, design, implementation, and applications of distributed computing and distributed systems.
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E.
ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform
The ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform was the specialized packet-switching computer system that formed the backbone of the early ARPANET, handling data routing between host machines in the first large-scale packet-switched network.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" Target entity description: "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" is a seminal 1978 paper that introduced logical clocks and the happened-before relation, fundamentally shaping the theory and practice of distributed computing.
-
A.
IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Distributed Processing
The IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Distributed Processing is a professional body within the IEEE Computer Society that focuses on advancing research, standards, and community activities in distributed computing systems and related technologies.
-
B.
Paxos
Paxos is a small Greek island in the Ionian Sea, known for its clear turquoise waters, olive groves, and tranquil, less-touristed atmosphere.
-
C.
The Computer as a Communication Device
"The Computer as a Communication Device" is a seminal 1968 essay by J.C.R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, networked computing as a medium for human collaboration and communication, foreshadowing the modern internet.
-
D.
International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
The International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems is a leading annual research conference focused on the theory, design, implementation, and applications of distributed computing and distributed systems.
-
E.
ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform
The ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform was the specialized packet-switching computer system that formed the backbone of the early ARPANET, handling data routing between host machines in the first large-scale packet-switched network.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (41)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
computer science paper
ⓘ
distributed systems paper ⓘ scientific paper ⓘ |
| author | Leslie Lamport ⓘ |
| citationType | highly cited paper ⓘ |
| contribution |
definition of a partial order based on causality
ⓘ
formalization of event ordering without synchronized clocks ⓘ introduction of logical time in distributed systems ⓘ |
| defines | causal precedence between events ⓘ |
| describedAs | seminal paper in distributed computing ⓘ |
| endPage | 565 ⓘ |
| field |
computer science
ⓘ
distributed computing ⓘ |
| goal | to define a consistent ordering of events in a distributed system ⓘ |
| hasDOI | 10.1145/359545.359563 ⓘ |
| impact |
foundation for many later distributed algorithms
ⓘ
shaped theory and practice of distributed computing ⓘ |
| influencedConcept |
causal ordering protocols
ⓘ
distributed mutual exclusion algorithms ⓘ vector clocks ⓘ |
| influencedField |
concurrent and parallel computing
ⓘ
distributed algorithms ⓘ fault-tolerant distributed systems ⓘ |
| introducesConcept |
"Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System"
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Lamport clock
happened-before relation ⓘ logical clock ⓘ partial ordering of events ⓘ |
| issue | 7 ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| proposesAssumption | absence of a global physical clock in distributed systems ⓘ |
| proposesMethod |
logical timestamps for events
ⓘ
using message passing to define event ordering ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1978 ⓘ |
| publishedIn | Communications of the ACM ⓘ |
| publisher | Association for Computing Machinery ⓘ |
| startPage | 558 ⓘ |
| topic |
causality in distributed systems
ⓘ
ordering of events in distributed systems ⓘ synchronization in distributed systems ⓘ |
| usesModel | message-passing distributed system ⓘ |
| volume | 21 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" Description of subject: "Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System" is a seminal 1978 paper that introduced logical clocks and the happened-before relation, fundamentally shaping the theory and practice of distributed computing.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
"Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System"
→
introducesConcept
→
"Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System"
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System
this entity surface form:
Lamport clock