Laplace's rule of succession (as a special case)
E1002836
Laplace's rule of succession is a classical Bayesian rule for estimating the probability of an event based on observed successes and failures, assigning a nonzero prior probability to unobserved outcomes.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Laplace's rule of succession (as a special case) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T12798002 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Laplace's rule of succession (as a special case) Context triple: [Carnap's continuum of inductive methods, hasMember, Laplace's rule of succession (as a special case)]
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A.
Bayes’ theorem
Bayes’ theorem is a fundamental result in probability theory that describes how to update the probability of a hypothesis based on new evidence.
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B.
Bayes rules
Bayes rules are decision rules in statistical decision theory that minimize expected loss with respect to a prior distribution, forming a central concept in Bayesian optimal decision-making.
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C.
Bayes
Bayes is a surname most famously associated with Thomas Bayes, the 18th-century statistician and minister whose work led to the development of Bayesian probability theory.
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D.
Pólya’s urn model
Pólya’s urn model is a classic probabilistic scheme in which drawing and then reinforcing the color of balls in an urn produces rich-get-richer dynamics and illustrates concepts like contagion, dependence, and random reinforcement.
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E.
The Emergence of Probability
The Emergence of Probability is a seminal philosophical and historical study by Ian Hacking that traces how modern concepts of probability and statistical reasoning developed from the 16th to the 19th century.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Laplace's rule of succession (as a special case) Target entity description: Laplace's rule of succession is a classical Bayesian rule for estimating the probability of an event based on observed successes and failures, assigning a nonzero prior probability to unobserved outcomes.
-
A.
Bayes’ theorem
Bayes’ theorem is a fundamental result in probability theory that describes how to update the probability of a hypothesis based on new evidence.
-
B.
Bayes rules
Bayes rules are decision rules in statistical decision theory that minimize expected loss with respect to a prior distribution, forming a central concept in Bayesian optimal decision-making.
-
C.
Bayes
Bayes is a surname most famously associated with Thomas Bayes, the 18th-century statistician and minister whose work led to the development of Bayesian probability theory.
-
D.
Pólya’s urn model
Pólya’s urn model is a classic probabilistic scheme in which drawing and then reinforcing the color of balls in an urn produces rich-get-richer dynamics and illustrates concepts like contagion, dependence, and random reinforcement.
-
E.
The Emergence of Probability
The Emergence of Probability is a seminal philosophical and historical study by Ian Hacking that traces how modern concepts of probability and statistical reasoning developed from the 16th to the 19th century.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Bayesian inference rule
ⓘ
classical Bayesian method ⓘ probability estimation method ⓘ statistical rule ⓘ |
| addresses | problem of zero counts in probability estimation ⓘ |
| aimsTo | avoid assigning probability 0 or 1 from finite data ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Bernoulli trials
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
binary events ⓘ |
| assumes |
exchangeable trials
ⓘ
independent and identically distributed trials ⓘ no prior information favoring success or failure ⓘ unknown event probability ⓘ |
| category |
Bayesian updating rule
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
probability smoothing technique ⓘ |
| contrastsWith | maximum likelihood estimate s/n ⓘ |
| estimates | posterior mean of event probability ⓘ |
| example | sunrise problem ⓘ |
| field |
Bayesian statistics
ⓘ
probability theory ⓘ statistical inference ⓘ |
| formula | (s+1)/(n+2) ⓘ |
| generalizedBy | Dirichlet prior for multinomial outcomes ⓘ |
| givesPosterior | Beta(s+1,n-s+1) ⓘ |
| historicalContext | introduced in the 18th–19th century ⓘ |
| input |
number of observed successes s
ⓘ
number of trials n ⓘ |
| interpretation |
posterior mean under uniform prior
ⓘ
predictive probability of success in next trial ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | posterior mean of Beta(s+1,n-s+1) distribution ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Pierre-Simon Laplace NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| output | estimated probability of success in next trial ⓘ |
| property |
assigns nonzero probability to unobserved outcomes
ⓘ
asymptotically approaches empirical frequency s/n ⓘ shrinks estimates toward 1/2 for small samples ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Bayesian predictive distribution
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Dirichlet-multinomial model NERFINISHED ⓘ Laplace's law of succession NERFINISHED ⓘ add-one smoothing ⓘ principle of insufficient reason ⓘ |
| specialCaseOf |
Bayesian estimation with Beta prior
ⓘ
conjugate prior analysis for Bernoulli model ⓘ |
| usedFor |
handling zero-frequency problems
ⓘ
predicting next outcome probability ⓘ smoothing probability estimates ⓘ |
| usesLikelihood | Binomial likelihood ⓘ |
| usesPrior |
Beta(1,1) prior
ⓘ
uniform prior on probability parameter ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
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You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Laplace's rule of succession (as a special case) Description of subject: Laplace's rule of succession is a classical Bayesian rule for estimating the probability of an event based on observed successes and failures, assigning a nonzero prior probability to unobserved outcomes.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.