Triple

T7192475
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Newcomb–Benford law E167726 entity
Predicate historicalDeveloper P4595 FINISHED
Object Frank Benford
Frank Benford was an American physicist best known for formalizing the statistical phenomenon now called Benford's law, which describes the frequency distribution of leading digits in many real-world data sets.
E648334 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Frank Benford | Statement: [Newcomb–Benford law, historicalDeveloper, Frank Benford]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Frank Benford
Context triple: [Newcomb–Benford law, historicalDeveloper, Frank Benford]
  • A. George K. Zipf
    George K. Zipf was an American linguist and philologist best known for formulating Zipf's law, which describes the frequency distribution of words in natural language and has broad applications across linguistics, information science, and other fields.
  • B. Fred Mosteller
    Fred Mosteller was an influential American statistician and educator known for his pioneering work in mathematical statistics, statistics education, and applications of statistics to public policy and medicine.
  • C. Leo J. Frachtenberg
    Leo J. Frachtenberg was an early 20th-century American anthropologist and linguist known for his documentation and analysis of Native American languages of the Pacific Northwest, including Siuslaw.
  • D. Michael Hardy
    Michael Hardy is a name shared by several notable individuals, including professionals in fields such as mathematics, music, and politics.
  • E. Philip J. Davis
    Philip J. Davis was an American mathematician and prolific author known for his influential works on numerical analysis, the history and philosophy of mathematics, and popular mathematical writing.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Frank Benford
Triple: [Newcomb–Benford law, historicalDeveloper, Frank Benford]
Generated description
Frank Benford was an American physicist best known for formalizing the statistical phenomenon now called Benford's law, which describes the frequency distribution of leading digits in many real-world data sets.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Frank Benford
Target entity description: Frank Benford was an American physicist best known for formalizing the statistical phenomenon now called Benford's law, which describes the frequency distribution of leading digits in many real-world data sets.
  • A. George K. Zipf
    George K. Zipf was an American linguist and philologist best known for formulating Zipf's law, which describes the frequency distribution of words in natural language and has broad applications across linguistics, information science, and other fields.
  • B. Fred Mosteller
    Fred Mosteller was an influential American statistician and educator known for his pioneering work in mathematical statistics, statistics education, and applications of statistics to public policy and medicine.
  • C. Leo J. Frachtenberg
    Leo J. Frachtenberg was an early 20th-century American anthropologist and linguist known for his documentation and analysis of Native American languages of the Pacific Northwest, including Siuslaw.
  • D. Michael Hardy
    Michael Hardy is a name shared by several notable individuals, including professionals in fields such as mathematics, music, and politics.
  • E. Philip J. Davis
    Philip J. Davis was an American mathematician and prolific author known for his influential works on numerical analysis, the history and philosophy of mathematics, and popular mathematical writing.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c6888b5248819090499a884ee3ec39 completed March 27, 2026, 1:39 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c6e901ea1481908a9e44f96dd4b553 completed March 27, 2026, 8:30 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c7bf95a1a0819099d252f037c318c7 completed March 28, 2026, 11:46 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c7c071778881909a82eedf61cae22b completed March 28, 2026, 11:50 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c7c111e05c8190a9cfba3fca1f8198 completed March 28, 2026, 11:52 a.m.
Created at: March 27, 2026, 2:50 p.m.