Triple

T642621
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hermann von Helmholtz E16771 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Handbuch der physiologischen Optik
Handbuch der physiologischen Optik is a foundational 19th-century treatise on physiological optics that systematically integrated experimental physics and physiology to explain human vision.
E80281 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Handbuch der physiologischen Optik | Statement: [Hermann von Helmholtz, notableWork, Handbuch der physiologischen Optik]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Handbuch der physiologischen Optik
Context triple: [Hermann von Helmholtz, notableWork, Handbuch der physiologischen Optik]
  • A. An Account of Some Cases of the Production of Colours
    "An Account of Some Cases of the Production of Colours" is a scientific paper by Thomas Young that presents key experimental evidence for the wave theory of light and explains color phenomena through interference.
  • B. Traité de la lumière
    Traité de la lumière is a seminal 1690 scientific treatise that presents Christiaan Huygens’ wave theory of light, including the principle now known as Huygens’ principle.
  • C. Optica (journal)
    Optica (journal) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Optical Society (Optica) that publishes cutting-edge research in optics and photonics.
  • D. Mémoire sur la double réfraction
    Mémoire sur la double réfraction is a foundational scientific paper by Augustin-Jean Fresnel that advanced the wave theory of light by explaining the phenomenon of double refraction in crystals.
  • E. Principles of Optics
    Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Handbuch der physiologischen Optik
Triple: [Hermann von Helmholtz, notableWork, Handbuch der physiologischen Optik]
Generated description
Handbuch der physiologischen Optik is a foundational 19th-century treatise on physiological optics that systematically integrated experimental physics and physiology to explain human vision.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Handbuch der physiologischen Optik
Target entity description: Handbuch der physiologischen Optik is a foundational 19th-century treatise on physiological optics that systematically integrated experimental physics and physiology to explain human vision.
  • A. An Account of Some Cases of the Production of Colours
    "An Account of Some Cases of the Production of Colours" is a scientific paper by Thomas Young that presents key experimental evidence for the wave theory of light and explains color phenomena through interference.
  • B. Traité de la lumière
    Traité de la lumière is a seminal 1690 scientific treatise that presents Christiaan Huygens’ wave theory of light, including the principle now known as Huygens’ principle.
  • C. Optica (journal)
    Optica (journal) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Optical Society (Optica) that publishes cutting-edge research in optics and photonics.
  • D. Mémoire sur la double réfraction
    Mémoire sur la double réfraction is a foundational scientific paper by Augustin-Jean Fresnel that advanced the wave theory of light by explaining the phenomenon of double refraction in crystals.
  • E. Principles of Optics
    Principles of Optics is a seminal textbook that rigorously develops the theory of electromagnetic waves and optical phenomena, profoundly shaping modern physical optics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4936be1c88190af56540324b57da7 completed March 1, 2026, 7:28 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a49f03db7481909e49c325c5f7cdae completed March 1, 2026, 8:18 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a5778faa788190ac246d6cd6b983f4 completed March 2, 2026, 11:42 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a57806b6148190a56a1ed535bb3a65 completed March 2, 2026, 11:44 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a5785996748190ae7761d190bbd35f completed March 2, 2026, 11:45 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:36 p.m.