Triple

T5851161
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Mount Wilson Observatory E130032 entity
Predicate siteOfDiscovery P3985 FINISHED
Object Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements
The Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements are a landmark set of observations that extended and refined Edwin Hubble’s work on the expanding universe by systematically measuring the redshifts of distant galaxies.
E550585 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements | Statement: [Mount Wilson Observatory, siteOfDiscovery, Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements
Context triple: [Mount Wilson Observatory, siteOfDiscovery, Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements]
  • A. A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae
    "A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae" is Edwin Hubble’s landmark 1929 paper that established the linear relationship between galaxies’ distances and their recessional velocities, providing the first strong evidence for the expanding universe.
  • B. Tolman surface brightness test
    The Tolman surface brightness test is an observational cosmology method that checks whether the universe is expanding by examining how the surface brightness of distant galaxies diminishes with redshift.
  • C. Hubble sequence of galaxy classification
    The Hubble sequence of galaxy classification is a morphological system that organizes galaxies into categories such as ellipticals, spirals, and irregulars based on their visual appearance.
  • D. Tully-Fisher relation distances
    Tully-Fisher relation distances are galaxy distance measurements derived from the empirical correlation between a spiral galaxy’s luminosity and its rotational velocity.
  • E. Zwicky catalog of galaxies
    The Zwicky catalog of galaxies is an influential astronomical catalog compiled by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky that systematically lists and classifies thousands of galaxies and galaxy clusters.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements
Triple: [Mount Wilson Observatory, siteOfDiscovery, Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements]
Generated description
The Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements are a landmark set of observations that extended and refined Edwin Hubble’s work on the expanding universe by systematically measuring the redshifts of distant galaxies.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements
Target entity description: The Hubble–Humason galaxy redshift measurements are a landmark set of observations that extended and refined Edwin Hubble’s work on the expanding universe by systematically measuring the redshifts of distant galaxies.
  • A. A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae
    "A Relation between Distance and Radial Velocity among Extra-Galactic Nebulae" is Edwin Hubble’s landmark 1929 paper that established the linear relationship between galaxies’ distances and their recessional velocities, providing the first strong evidence for the expanding universe.
  • B. Tolman surface brightness test
    The Tolman surface brightness test is an observational cosmology method that checks whether the universe is expanding by examining how the surface brightness of distant galaxies diminishes with redshift.
  • C. Hubble sequence of galaxy classification
    The Hubble sequence of galaxy classification is a morphological system that organizes galaxies into categories such as ellipticals, spirals, and irregulars based on their visual appearance.
  • D. Tully-Fisher relation distances
    Tully-Fisher relation distances are galaxy distance measurements derived from the empirical correlation between a spiral galaxy’s luminosity and its rotational velocity.
  • E. Zwicky catalog of galaxies
    The Zwicky catalog of galaxies is an influential astronomical catalog compiled by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky that systematically lists and classifies thousands of galaxies and galaxy clusters.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c0084de39081909eb34e6bed74215a completed March 22, 2026, 3:18 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c049fbc57481908299d1955692c76b completed March 22, 2026, 7:58 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c0a1b3c7d08190bada8ae35e7fa8eb completed March 23, 2026, 2:13 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c0a234f0dc819098a889bd5ee87722 completed March 23, 2026, 2:15 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c0a2b1df0c8190b63d5ca984439b0b completed March 23, 2026, 2:17 a.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 3:55 p.m.