Triple

T5722457
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Gerd Binnig E126177 entity
Predicate coInvented P1858 FINISHED
Object scanning tunneling microscope
A scanning tunneling microscope is a powerful instrument that images surfaces at the atomic scale by measuring quantum tunneling currents between a sharp conductive tip and a sample.
E541363 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: scanning tunneling microscope | Statement: [Gerd Binnig, coInvented, scanning tunneling microscope]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: scanning tunneling microscope
Context triple: [Gerd Binnig, coInvented, scanning tunneling microscope]
  • A. TEM
    TEM is the IATA airport code for Temora Airport, a regional airfield serving the town of Temora in New South Wales, Australia.
  • B. AFM
    AFM is the Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets, the national regulator overseeing fair and transparent operation of financial markets in the Netherlands.
  • C. Shubnikov–de Haas effect
    The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors subjected to strong magnetic fields at low temperatures, used to probe their electronic structure and Fermi surface.
  • D. Moiré deflectometer
    A Moiré deflectometer is a precision optical instrument that measures tiny angular deviations or deflections in particle or light beams by analyzing interference-like moiré fringe patterns formed by multiple gratings.
  • E. Microscopic Imager
    The Microscopic Imager is a close-up camera on the Mars Exploration Rovers designed to capture detailed, microscope-like images of Martian rocks and soil to study their fine-scale textures and structures.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: scanning tunneling microscope
Triple: [Gerd Binnig, coInvented, scanning tunneling microscope]
Generated description
A scanning tunneling microscope is a powerful instrument that images surfaces at the atomic scale by measuring quantum tunneling currents between a sharp conductive tip and a sample.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: scanning tunneling microscope
Target entity description: A scanning tunneling microscope is a powerful instrument that images surfaces at the atomic scale by measuring quantum tunneling currents between a sharp conductive tip and a sample.
  • A. TEM
    TEM is the IATA airport code for Temora Airport, a regional airfield serving the town of Temora in New South Wales, Australia.
  • B. AFM
    AFM is the Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets, the national regulator overseeing fair and transparent operation of financial markets in the Netherlands.
  • C. Shubnikov–de Haas effect
    The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors subjected to strong magnetic fields at low temperatures, used to probe their electronic structure and Fermi surface.
  • D. Moiré deflectometer
    A Moiré deflectometer is a precision optical instrument that measures tiny angular deviations or deflections in particle or light beams by analyzing interference-like moiré fringe patterns formed by multiple gratings.
  • E. Microscopic Imager
    The Microscopic Imager is a close-up camera on the Mars Exploration Rovers designed to capture detailed, microscope-like images of Martian rocks and soil to study their fine-scale textures and structures.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69c0082f723881908ce8bb13a0c0f8b7 completed March 22, 2026, 3:18 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69c024e6c444819089270b188e60cc67 completed March 22, 2026, 5:20 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69c05a80aefc8190b6ea35ab405ea502 completed March 22, 2026, 9:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69c05c7663388190ab491144149532a4 completed March 22, 2026, 9:17 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69c05d2ef9488190ac0111cb6a94b1d0 completed March 22, 2026, 9:20 p.m.
Created at: March 22, 2026, 3:46 p.m.