Triple

T5273828
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject string theory E119325 entity
Predicate hasVariant P455 FINISHED
Object SO(32) heterotic string theory
SO(32) heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional, anomaly-free string theory whose gauge symmetry group is SO(32), playing a key role in early unified models of fundamental interactions.
E508535 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: SO(32) heterotic string theory | Statement: [string theory, hasVariant, SO(32) heterotic string theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: SO(32) heterotic string theory
Context triple: [string theory, hasVariant, SO(32) heterotic string theory]
  • A. Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
    Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • B. Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
    "Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
  • C. Green–Schwarz mechanism
    The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
  • D. M-theory
    M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
  • E. Calabi–Yau manifold
    A Calabi–Yau manifold is a special type of complex manifold with vanishing first Chern class that plays a central role in string theory compactifications and complex algebraic geometry.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: SO(32) heterotic string theory
Triple: [string theory, hasVariant, SO(32) heterotic string theory]
Generated description
SO(32) heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional, anomaly-free string theory whose gauge symmetry group is SO(32), playing a key role in early unified models of fundamental interactions.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: SO(32) heterotic string theory
Target entity description: SO(32) heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional, anomaly-free string theory whose gauge symmetry group is SO(32), playing a key role in early unified models of fundamental interactions.
  • A. Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
    Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • B. Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
    "Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
  • C. Green–Schwarz mechanism
    The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
  • D. M-theory
    M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
  • E. Calabi–Yau manifold
    A Calabi–Yau manifold is a special type of complex manifold with vanishing first Chern class that plays a central role in string theory compactifications and complex algebraic geometry.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd446c38e081908cdaf113bdf86790 completed March 20, 2026, 12:58 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd7c22a29081908a022847e61af8a9 completed March 20, 2026, 4:56 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bf06d1f874819098a9b99f8bb9f654 completed March 21, 2026, 9 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bf098637148190ab999486de995ee4 completed March 21, 2026, 9:11 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bf0a1675b8819084024aa2a99ec843 completed March 21, 2026, 9:13 p.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:51 p.m.