Triple
T5273828
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | string theory |
E119325
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasVariant |
P455
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
SO(32) heterotic string theory
SO(32) heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional, anomaly-free string theory whose gauge symmetry group is SO(32), playing a key role in early unified models of fundamental interactions.
|
E508535
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: SO(32) heterotic string theory | Statement: [string theory, hasVariant, SO(32) heterotic string theory]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: SO(32) heterotic string theory Context triple: [string theory, hasVariant, SO(32) heterotic string theory]
-
A.
Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
-
B.
Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
"Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
-
C.
Green–Schwarz mechanism
The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
-
D.
M-theory
M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
-
E.
Calabi–Yau manifold
A Calabi–Yau manifold is a special type of complex manifold with vanishing first Chern class that plays a central role in string theory compactifications and complex algebraic geometry.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: SO(32) heterotic string theory Triple: [string theory, hasVariant, SO(32) heterotic string theory]
Generated description
SO(32) heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional, anomaly-free string theory whose gauge symmetry group is SO(32), playing a key role in early unified models of fundamental interactions.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: SO(32) heterotic string theory Target entity description: SO(32) heterotic string theory is a ten-dimensional, anomaly-free string theory whose gauge symmetry group is SO(32), playing a key role in early unified models of fundamental interactions.
-
A.
Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
-
B.
Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
"Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
-
C.
Green–Schwarz mechanism
The Green–Schwarz mechanism is a key anomaly-cancellation process in string theory that ensures the mathematical consistency of certain superstring models by eliminating gauge and gravitational anomalies.
-
D.
M-theory
M-theory is a proposed unifying framework in theoretical physics that generalizes string theories into an eleven-dimensional model aiming to reconcile quantum mechanics with gravity.
-
E.
Calabi–Yau manifold
A Calabi–Yau manifold is a special type of complex manifold with vanishing first Chern class that plays a central role in string theory compactifications and complex algebraic geometry.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69bd446c38e081908cdaf113bdf86790 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 12:58 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69bd7c22a29081908a022847e61af8a9 |
completed | March 20, 2026, 4:56 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69bf06d1f874819098a9b99f8bb9f654 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 9 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69bf098637148190ab999486de995ee4 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 9:11 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69bf0a1675b8819084024aa2a99ec843 |
completed | March 21, 2026, 9:13 p.m. |
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:51 p.m.