Triple
T480478
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Fulani |
E9155
|
entity |
| Predicate | ethnicLanguage |
P11430
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Fula language
The Fula language is a widely spoken West and Central African language of the Niger-Congo family, used by the Fulani people across numerous countries from Senegal to Cameroon and beyond.
|
E61093
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (5 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fula language | Statement: [Fulani, ethnicLanguage, Fula language]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fula language Context triple: [Fulani, ethnicLanguage, Fula language]
-
A.
Hausa-Fulani
Hausa-Fulani is a major ethnolinguistic group in West Africa, predominantly Muslim and influential in the politics, culture, and commerce of northern Nigeria and surrounding regions.
-
B.
Dinka language
The Dinka language is a Western Nilotic language spoken primarily by the Dinka people of South Sudan, known for its complex system of tones and vowel lengths.
-
C.
Kanuri
The Kanuri are a major ethnic group of the central Sahara and Lake Chad region, historically associated with the Kanem-Bornu Empire and known for their distinct language and Islamic cultural heritage.
-
D.
Mande languages
The Mande languages are a branch of West African languages spoken primarily in countries such as Mali, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, known for including major languages like Bambara, Mandinka, and Soninke.
-
E.
Songhay languages
The Songhay languages are a group of closely related Nilo-Saharan languages spoken primarily along the Niger River in Mali, Niger, and neighboring West African countries.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fula language Triple: [Fulani, ethnicLanguage, Fula language]
Generated description
The Fula language is a widely spoken West and Central African language of the Niger-Congo family, used by the Fulani people across numerous countries from Senegal to Cameroon and beyond.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fula language Target entity description: The Fula language is a widely spoken West and Central African language of the Niger-Congo family, used by the Fulani people across numerous countries from Senegal to Cameroon and beyond.
-
A.
Hausa-Fulani
Hausa-Fulani is a major ethnolinguistic group in West Africa, predominantly Muslim and influential in the politics, culture, and commerce of northern Nigeria and surrounding regions.
-
B.
Dinka language
The Dinka language is a Western Nilotic language spoken primarily by the Dinka people of South Sudan, known for its complex system of tones and vowel lengths.
-
C.
Kanuri
The Kanuri are a major ethnic group of the central Sahara and Lake Chad region, historically associated with the Kanem-Bornu Empire and known for their distinct language and Islamic cultural heritage.
-
D.
Mande languages
The Mande languages are a branch of West African languages spoken primarily in countries such as Mali, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, known for including major languages like Bambara, Mandinka, and Soninke.
-
E.
Songhay languages
The Songhay languages are a group of closely related Nilo-Saharan languages spoken primarily along the Niger River in Mali, Niger, and neighboring West African countries.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: ethnicLanguage Context triple: [Fulani, ethnicLanguage, Fula language]
-
A.
regionLanguage
Indicates that a particular language is used or officially recognized within a specific geographic region.
-
B.
nativeLanguage
Indicates the language that a person or entity originally learned and uses as their primary or first language.
-
C.
majorityLanguageOf
chosen
Indicates that a given language is the primary or most widely spoken language within a specified group, region, or entity.
-
D.
isCulturalLanguageOf
Indicates that a language serves as a primary medium of cultural expression, identity, and heritage for a particular group, community, or region.
-
E.
identityLanguage
Indicates that two language entities are identical or represent the same language.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (6 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a2e7ff81708190b0507a24a997232c |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:05 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2f057c4ac819080cf43ffaa56c350 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:40 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a4746deb4481908d88c50c86b58ee8 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 5:16 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a4761ce01c8190a34d85d498d4de82 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 5:23 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a476ba75388190a11f982f9b01861c |
completed | March 1, 2026, 5:26 p.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69a2edf1d5848190a7da27e2fddc136f |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:30 p.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:12 p.m.