Triple

T4612421
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich E100788 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation
The Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation is a seminal analytical model in cosmology that predicts how small initial density perturbations in the early universe evolve into the cosmic web of sheets, filaments, and clusters of galaxies.
E456146 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation | Statement: [Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich, knownFor, Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation
Context triple: [Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich, knownFor, Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation]
  • A. The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
    The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe is a foundational cosmology book by James Peebles that systematically develops the theory and observations of how matter is distributed on the largest cosmic scales.
  • B. Principles of Physical Cosmology
    Principles of Physical Cosmology is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theoretical framework and observational basis of modern cosmology, including the Big Bang model, structure formation, and the large-scale properties of the universe.
  • C. The Expanding Universe
    "The Expanding Universe" is a chapter in Stephen Hawking’s popular science book *A Brief History of Time* that explains how observations and cosmological theory reveal that the universe is growing larger over time.
  • D. Zwicky catalog of galaxies
    The Zwicky catalog of galaxies is an influential astronomical catalog compiled by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky that systematically lists and classifies thousands of galaxies and galaxy clusters.
  • E. FLRW cosmological models
    FLRW cosmological models are a family of solutions to Einstein’s field equations that describe a homogeneous and isotropic expanding or contracting universe, forming the standard framework for modern cosmology.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation
Triple: [Yakov Borisovich Zeldovich, knownFor, Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation]
Generated description
The Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation is a seminal analytical model in cosmology that predicts how small initial density perturbations in the early universe evolve into the cosmic web of sheets, filaments, and clusters of galaxies.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation
Target entity description: The Zeldovich approximation in large-scale structure formation is a seminal analytical model in cosmology that predicts how small initial density perturbations in the early universe evolve into the cosmic web of sheets, filaments, and clusters of galaxies.
  • A. The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
    The Large-Scale Structure of the Universe is a foundational cosmology book by James Peebles that systematically develops the theory and observations of how matter is distributed on the largest cosmic scales.
  • B. Principles of Physical Cosmology
    Principles of Physical Cosmology is a foundational textbook that systematically develops the theoretical framework and observational basis of modern cosmology, including the Big Bang model, structure formation, and the large-scale properties of the universe.
  • C. The Expanding Universe
    "The Expanding Universe" is a chapter in Stephen Hawking’s popular science book *A Brief History of Time* that explains how observations and cosmological theory reveal that the universe is growing larger over time.
  • D. Zwicky catalog of galaxies
    The Zwicky catalog of galaxies is an influential astronomical catalog compiled by Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky that systematically lists and classifies thousands of galaxies and galaxy clusters.
  • E. FLRW cosmological models
    FLRW cosmological models are a family of solutions to Einstein’s field equations that describe a homogeneous and isotropic expanding or contracting universe, forming the standard framework for modern cosmology.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd43cf363c819087fd5ab441b4a3f4 completed March 20, 2026, 12:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd59c11f5481909f61e23503711cf5 completed March 20, 2026, 2:29 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bdfa836f488190bb320e8cb393a286 completed March 21, 2026, 1:55 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bdfbea628c81908f96e706d650ef9f completed March 21, 2026, 2:01 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bdfc97fc54819093e0cff18a40bde2 completed March 21, 2026, 2:04 a.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:12 p.m.