Triple

T4561649
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject USRA Light Mikado 2-8-2 locomotive design E121803 entity
Predicate developedDuring P95 FINISHED
Object United States federal control of railroads
United States federal control of railroads was the World War I–era period (1917–1920) when the U.S. government temporarily nationalized and centrally managed the country’s railroads to improve efficiency for wartime transportation needs.
E452581 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: United States federal control of railroads | Statement: [USRA Light Mikado 2-8-2 locomotive design, developedDuring, United States federal control of railroads]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States federal control of railroads
Context triple: [USRA Light Mikado 2-8-2 locomotive design, developedDuring, United States federal control of railroads]
  • A. Hepburn Act regulation of railroads
    The Hepburn Act regulation of railroads was a landmark 1906 U.S. law that greatly strengthened federal oversight of railroad rates and practices by expanding the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission.
  • B. Staggers Rail Act
    The Staggers Rail Act was a landmark 1980 U.S. federal law that largely deregulated the railroad industry, giving rail carriers greater freedom in setting rates and services to improve their financial stability and competitiveness.
  • C. Union Pacific Railway Act of 1862
    The Union Pacific Railway Act of 1862 was a landmark U.S. federal law that authorized construction of the first transcontinental railroad and provided government support through land grants and bonds.
  • D. Railroads and American Economic Growth
    "Railroads and American Economic Growth" is a landmark economic history study by Robert Fogel that uses quantitative methods to reassess the impact of railroads on 19th-century U.S. economic development.
  • E. Interstate Commerce Act
    The Interstate Commerce Act is a landmark 1887 U.S. federal law that established federal regulation of railroads and later other carriers to ensure fair rates and prohibit discriminatory practices in interstate transportation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: United States federal control of railroads
Triple: [USRA Light Mikado 2-8-2 locomotive design, developedDuring, United States federal control of railroads]
Generated description
United States federal control of railroads was the World War I–era period (1917–1920) when the U.S. government temporarily nationalized and centrally managed the country’s railroads to improve efficiency for wartime transportation needs.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States federal control of railroads
Target entity description: United States federal control of railroads was the World War I–era period (1917–1920) when the U.S. government temporarily nationalized and centrally managed the country’s railroads to improve efficiency for wartime transportation needs.
  • A. Hepburn Act regulation of railroads
    The Hepburn Act regulation of railroads was a landmark 1906 U.S. law that greatly strengthened federal oversight of railroad rates and practices by expanding the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission.
  • B. Staggers Rail Act
    The Staggers Rail Act was a landmark 1980 U.S. federal law that largely deregulated the railroad industry, giving rail carriers greater freedom in setting rates and services to improve their financial stability and competitiveness.
  • C. Union Pacific Railway Act of 1862
    The Union Pacific Railway Act of 1862 was a landmark U.S. federal law that authorized construction of the first transcontinental railroad and provided government support through land grants and bonds.
  • D. Railroads and American Economic Growth
    "Railroads and American Economic Growth" is a landmark economic history study by Robert Fogel that uses quantitative methods to reassess the impact of railroads on 19th-century U.S. economic development.
  • E. Interstate Commerce Act
    The Interstate Commerce Act is a landmark 1887 U.S. federal law that established federal regulation of railroads and later other carriers to ensure fair rates and prohibit discriminatory practices in interstate transportation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69bd463f156881908a99aca69c5721ac completed March 20, 2026, 1:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69bd582f21648190b49284eb61b618c9 completed March 20, 2026, 2:22 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69bdc59b2514819091f3845307cb1c8b completed March 20, 2026, 10:09 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69bdc66a981c8190a472722af45ce023 completed March 20, 2026, 10:12 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69bdc6de076081909d2ad276cc7a1141 completed March 20, 2026, 10:14 p.m.
Created at: March 20, 2026, 1:09 p.m.