Triple

T4427223
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Ibn al-Haytham E95237 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Book of Optics
The Book of Optics is a foundational 11th-century scientific work that revolutionized the understanding of vision, light, and optics, laying key groundwork for the modern science of optics.
E437624 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Book of Optics | Statement: [Ibn al-Haytham, knownFor, Book of Optics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Book of Optics
Context triple: [Ibn al-Haytham, knownFor, Book of Optics]
  • A. Traité de la lumière
    Traité de la lumière is a seminal 1690 scientific treatise that presents Christiaan Huygens’ wave theory of light, including the principle now known as Huygens’ principle.
  • B. Treatise on Astronomy
    Treatise on Astronomy is a 19th-century textbook by American mathematician and astronomer Elias Loomis that systematically presents the fundamental principles and observations of astronomy for students and general readers.
  • C. The Book of Healing
    The Book of Healing is a monumental philosophical and scientific encyclopedia by Avicenna that systematically covers logic, natural sciences, mathematics, and metaphysics.
  • D. Opticks
    Opticks is Isaac Newton’s influential 1704 treatise that systematically explores the nature of light and color through experiments with prisms and lenses.
  • E. An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision
    An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision is a philosophical treatise by George Berkeley that explores how we perceive distance, size, and spatial properties through vision, arguing that such perceptions are learned rather than innate.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Book of Optics
Triple: [Ibn al-Haytham, knownFor, Book of Optics]
Generated description
The Book of Optics is a foundational 11th-century scientific work that revolutionized the understanding of vision, light, and optics, laying key groundwork for the modern science of optics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Book of Optics
Target entity description: The Book of Optics is a foundational 11th-century scientific work that revolutionized the understanding of vision, light, and optics, laying key groundwork for the modern science of optics.
  • A. Traité de la lumière
    Traité de la lumière is a seminal 1690 scientific treatise that presents Christiaan Huygens’ wave theory of light, including the principle now known as Huygens’ principle.
  • B. Treatise on Astronomy
    Treatise on Astronomy is a 19th-century textbook by American mathematician and astronomer Elias Loomis that systematically presents the fundamental principles and observations of astronomy for students and general readers.
  • C. The Book of Healing
    The Book of Healing is a monumental philosophical and scientific encyclopedia by Avicenna that systematically covers logic, natural sciences, mathematics, and metaphysics.
  • D. Opticks
    Opticks is Isaac Newton’s influential 1704 treatise that systematically explores the nature of light and color through experiments with prisms and lenses.
  • E. An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision
    An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision is a philosophical treatise by George Berkeley that explores how we perceive distance, size, and spatial properties through vision, arguing that such perceptions are learned rather than innate.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69b3453c2a0c8190926b574c90766db9 completed March 12, 2026, 10:59 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69b3554fb28081909018eaecc0c5c230 completed March 13, 2026, 12:07 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69b5f63495148190847f79d8cacb737e completed March 14, 2026, 11:58 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69b5f709063c81909334a5b21da99c22 completed March 15, 2026, 12:02 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69b5f7887cb08190bf498eefc3627bfa completed March 15, 2026, 12:04 a.m.
Created at: March 12, 2026, 11:30 p.m.