Triple
T380061
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Fermi surface |
E8657
|
entity |
| Predicate | probedBy |
P202
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Shubnikov–de Haas effect
The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors at low temperatures and high magnetic fields, used to reveal detailed properties of their electronic structure.
|
E48478
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Shubnikov–de Haas effect | Statement: [Fermi surface, probedBy, Shubnikov–de Haas effect]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Shubnikov–de Haas effect Context triple: [Fermi surface, probedBy, Shubnikov–de Haas effect]
-
A.
de Haas–van Alphen effect
The de Haas–van Alphen effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in metals where the magnetization varies periodically with applied magnetic field, allowing precise mapping of the electronic structure and Fermi surface.
-
B.
Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect is the splitting of atomic or molecular spectral lines into multiple components when subjected to an external magnetic field, revealing information about energy levels and magnetic moments.
-
C.
Meissner effect
The Meissner effect is the phenomenon in which a superconductor expels magnetic fields from its interior when cooled below its critical temperature, leading to perfect diamagnetism.
-
D.
Fermi surface
The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
-
E.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Shubnikov–de Haas effect Triple: [Fermi surface, probedBy, Shubnikov–de Haas effect]
Generated description
The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors at low temperatures and high magnetic fields, used to reveal detailed properties of their electronic structure.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Shubnikov–de Haas effect Target entity description: The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors at low temperatures and high magnetic fields, used to reveal detailed properties of their electronic structure.
-
A.
de Haas–van Alphen effect
chosen
The de Haas–van Alphen effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in metals where the magnetization varies periodically with applied magnetic field, allowing precise mapping of the electronic structure and Fermi surface.
-
B.
Zeeman effect
The Zeeman effect is the splitting of atomic or molecular spectral lines into multiple components when subjected to an external magnetic field, revealing information about energy levels and magnetic moments.
-
C.
Meissner effect
The Meissner effect is the phenomenon in which a superconductor expels magnetic fields from its interior when cooled below its critical temperature, leading to perfect diamagnetism.
-
D.
Fermi surface
The Fermi surface is the boundary in momentum space separating occupied from unoccupied electron states at zero temperature, crucial for determining a metal’s electronic and superconducting properties.
-
E.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a2e7f47dd08190a4e294ccbbe46cd4 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:04 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a2ee2b0ec481908fac41a4e1d20468 |
completed | Feb. 28, 2026, 1:31 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69a3fe92911881908ee7f88d5c628ec9 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 8:53 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69a3ff327d1c81909cbbbfd53fc74559 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 8:56 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69a40101f7e4819099bd776c79b4d8cc |
completed | March 1, 2026, 9:04 a.m. |
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 1:08 p.m.