Triple
T3173809
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Stored Communications Act |
E66413
|
entity |
| Predicate | subjectOf |
P38
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
United States v. Warshak
United States v. Warshak is a landmark Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals decision holding that the government generally must obtain a warrant to access the contents of emails stored by a service provider, significantly shaping Fourth Amendment protections for electronic communications.
|
E333099
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: United States v. Warshak | Statement: [Stored Communications Act, subjectOf, United States v. Warshak]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States v. Warshak Context triple: [Stored Communications Act, subjectOf, United States v. Warshak]
-
A.
United States v. Eichman
United States v. Eichman is a 1990 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down a federal law banning flag desecration as unconstitutional under the First Amendment’s protection of free speech.
-
B.
Maryland v. Wirtz
Maryland v. Wirtz was a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the extension of federal minimum wage and overtime provisions to employees of state-operated schools and hospitals under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
-
C.
Crawford v. Washington
Crawford v. Washington is a landmark 2004 U.S. Supreme Court decision that reshaped Confrontation Clause jurisprudence by holding that testimonial hearsay is inadmissible against a criminal defendant unless the witness is unavailable and there was a prior opportunity for cross-examination.
-
D.
United States v. Gratiot
United States v. Gratiot is an 1840 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld broad federal authority over public lands under the Constitution’s Property Clause.
-
E.
United States v. Giordano
United States v. Giordano is a U.S. Supreme Court case that clarified the strict procedural requirements for federal wiretap authorizations and limited who may approve such surveillance orders.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: United States v. Warshak Triple: [Stored Communications Act, subjectOf, United States v. Warshak]
Generated description
United States v. Warshak is a landmark Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals decision holding that the government generally must obtain a warrant to access the contents of emails stored by a service provider, significantly shaping Fourth Amendment protections for electronic communications.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: United States v. Warshak Target entity description: United States v. Warshak is a landmark Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals decision holding that the government generally must obtain a warrant to access the contents of emails stored by a service provider, significantly shaping Fourth Amendment protections for electronic communications.
-
A.
United States v. Eichman
United States v. Eichman is a 1990 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down a federal law banning flag desecration as unconstitutional under the First Amendment’s protection of free speech.
-
B.
Maryland v. Wirtz
Maryland v. Wirtz was a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the extension of federal minimum wage and overtime provisions to employees of state-operated schools and hospitals under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
-
C.
Crawford v. Washington
Crawford v. Washington is a landmark 2004 U.S. Supreme Court decision that reshaped Confrontation Clause jurisprudence by holding that testimonial hearsay is inadmissible against a criminal defendant unless the witness is unavailable and there was a prior opportunity for cross-examination.
-
D.
United States v. Gratiot
United States v. Gratiot is an 1840 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld broad federal authority over public lands under the Constitution’s Property Clause.
-
E.
United States v. Giordano
United States v. Giordano is a U.S. Supreme Court case that clarified the strict procedural requirements for federal wiretap authorizations and limited who may approve such surveillance orders.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ad8586a34c8190944c63ec11a8de1a |
completed | March 8, 2026, 2:19 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69ada670c800819098937783e2b05c7a |
completed | March 8, 2026, 4:40 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69b235edf7708190b79605a05baf1711 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 3:41 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69b236e61ae88190a76b942c6cddff41 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 3:45 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69b23770ed4c8190b5d929cc95a286a0 |
completed | March 12, 2026, 3:48 a.m. |
Created at: March 8, 2026, 3:06 p.m.