Triple
T2477935
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Frohwerk v. United States |
E55132
|
entity |
| Predicate | holding |
P2237
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case.
The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case is the central holding of the 1919 Supreme Court decision Frohwerk v. United States, which upheld convictions for antiwar speech during World War I.
|
E269893
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case. | Statement: [Frohwerk v. United States, holding, The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case.]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case. Context triple: [Frohwerk v. United States, holding, The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case.]
-
A.
Schenck v. United States
Schenck v. United States is a 1919 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the “clear and present danger” test, allowing the government to restrict speech during wartime.
-
B.
The Right of Free Speech
The Right of Free Speech is a fundamental civil liberty that protects individuals’ ability to express opinions and ideas without undue government restriction or censorship.
-
C.
Sedition Act of 1918
The Sedition Act of 1918 was a World War I–era U.S. law that expanded restrictions on speech by criminalizing criticism of the government, the Constitution, the military, or the war effort.
-
D.
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan is a landmark 1964 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the “actual malice” standard, greatly expanding First Amendment protections for the press in defamation cases involving public officials.
-
E.
Smith Act
The Smith Act is a 1940 U.S. federal law that criminalized advocating the violent overthrow of the government and was widely used during the early Cold War to prosecute suspected communists.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case. Triple: [Frohwerk v. United States, holding, The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case.]
Generated description
The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case is the central holding of the 1919 Supreme Court decision Frohwerk v. United States, which upheld convictions for antiwar speech during World War I.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case. Target entity description: The First Amendment did not bar prosecution of the defendant's antiwar publications under the circumstances of the case is the central holding of the 1919 Supreme Court decision Frohwerk v. United States, which upheld convictions for antiwar speech during World War I.
-
A.
Schenck v. United States
Schenck v. United States is a 1919 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the “clear and present danger” test, allowing the government to restrict speech during wartime.
-
B.
The Right of Free Speech
The Right of Free Speech is a fundamental civil liberty that protects individuals’ ability to express opinions and ideas without undue government restriction or censorship.
-
C.
Sedition Act of 1918
The Sedition Act of 1918 was a World War I–era U.S. law that expanded restrictions on speech by criminalizing criticism of the government, the Constitution, the military, or the war effort.
-
D.
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan is a landmark 1964 U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the “actual malice” standard, greatly expanding First Amendment protections for the press in defamation cases involving public officials.
-
E.
Smith Act
The Smith Act is a 1940 U.S. federal law that criminalized advocating the violent overthrow of the government and was widely used during the early Cold War to prosecute suspected communists.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ab49e279e88190ab10d7248aea9d11 |
completed | March 6, 2026, 9:40 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69abd14ef7d081909159be158bc0ce45 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:18 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69af17aea398819092cb14b93abd0ff7 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 6:55 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69af18f9af388190bbb4242c89d4272e |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:01 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69af198534c0819090c742f39501fac6 |
completed | March 9, 2026, 7:03 p.m. |
Created at: March 6, 2026, 9:45 p.m.