Triple

T192754
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Z boson E3755 entity
Predicate associatedWithScientist P2830 FINISHED
Object Carlo Rubbia
Carlo Rubbia is an Italian physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pivotal role in the experimental discovery of the W and Z bosons at CERN.
E30953 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carlo Rubbia | Statement: [Z boson, associatedWithScientist, Carlo Rubbia]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carlo Rubbia
Context triple: [Z boson, associatedWithScientist, Carlo Rubbia]
  • A. Sheldon Glashow
    Sheldon Glashow is an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering contributions to the electroweak theory that unifies electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces.
  • B. Jerome Friedman
    Jerome Friedman is an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering experimental work that confirmed the existence of quarks as fundamental constituents of matter.
  • C. Abdus Salam
    Abdus Salam was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in electroweak unification and for advancing scientific research in developing countries.
  • D. Steven Weinberg
    Steven Weinberg was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in unifying the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces into the electroweak theory.
  • E. Murray Gell-Mann
    Murray Gell-Mann was an American physicist best known for developing the quark model of subatomic particles and receiving the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Carlo Rubbia
Triple: [Z boson, associatedWithScientist, Carlo Rubbia]
Generated description
Carlo Rubbia is an Italian physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pivotal role in the experimental discovery of the W and Z bosons at CERN.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carlo Rubbia
Target entity description: Carlo Rubbia is an Italian physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pivotal role in the experimental discovery of the W and Z bosons at CERN.
  • A. Sheldon Glashow
    Sheldon Glashow is an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering contributions to the electroweak theory that unifies electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces.
  • B. Jerome Friedman
    Jerome Friedman is an American physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering experimental work that confirmed the existence of quarks as fundamental constituents of matter.
  • C. Abdus Salam
    Abdus Salam was a Pakistani theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in electroweak unification and for advancing scientific research in developing countries.
  • D. Steven Weinberg
    Steven Weinberg was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work in unifying the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces into the electroweak theory.
  • E. Murray Gell-Mann
    Murray Gell-Mann was an American physicist best known for developing the quark model of subatomic particles and receiving the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physics.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a2548debd48190ae3a06d6e65b53c6 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:35 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a259669ba08190a5be1d2e10e70b27 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:56 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a36958f6488190872ccf3c318a3cfa completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:16 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a369de04048190b2dc01cc328e644d completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:19 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a36a48d5a88190a727fec1c25a1d5b completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:20 p.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:41 a.m.