Triple

T1900867
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Sumer E37685 entity
Predicate hasCityState P25797 FINISHED
Object Umma
Umma was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, known for its frequent territorial conflicts with the neighboring city-state of Lagash.
 E212533 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Umma | Statement: [Sumer, hasCityState, Umma]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Umma
Context triple: [Sumer, hasCityState, Umma]
  • A. Hausaland
    Hausaland is a historical region of West Africa traditionally inhabited by the Hausa people, known for its influential city-states, trans-Saharan trade, and rich Islamic cultural heritage.
  • B. Mapun
    Mapun is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Mapun people of the southern Philippines, particularly on Mapun (Cagayan de Sulu) Island in the Sulu Sea.
  • C. Ndowe
    Ndowe is a Bantu language spoken by the Ndowe people along the coastal region of Equatorial Guinea.
  • D. Ubangian
    Ubangian is a proposed branch of the Niger-Congo (sometimes considered an independent) language family spoken primarily in the Central African Republic and neighboring regions.
  • E. Maaskant
    Maaskant is a Dutch surname most notably associated with architect Hugh Aart (H.A.) Maaskant, known for his influential post-war modernist buildings in the Netherlands.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Umma
Triple: [Sumer, hasCityState, Umma]
Generated description
Umma was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, known for its frequent territorial conflicts with the neighboring city-state of Lagash.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Umma
Target entity description: Umma was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, known for its frequent territorial conflicts with the neighboring city-state of Lagash.
  • A. Hausaland
    Hausaland is a historical region of West Africa traditionally inhabited by the Hausa people, known for its influential city-states, trans-Saharan trade, and rich Islamic cultural heritage.
  • B. Mapun
    Mapun is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Mapun people of the southern Philippines, particularly on Mapun (Cagayan de Sulu) Island in the Sulu Sea.
  • C. Ndowe
    Ndowe is a Bantu language spoken by the Ndowe people along the coastal region of Equatorial Guinea.
  • D. Ubangian
    Ubangian is a proposed branch of the Niger-Congo (sometimes considered an independent) language family spoken primarily in the Central African Republic and neighboring regions.
  • E. Maaskant
    Maaskant is a Dutch surname most notably associated with architect Hugh Aart (H.A.) Maaskant, known for his influential post-war modernist buildings in the Netherlands.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a8861be7148190a680937ec451a304 completed March 4, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abb7c376208190bbf28504f1aac881 completed March 7, 2026, 5:29 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69adeaf2c2908190bd050dee1576b36f completed March 8, 2026, 9:32 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69adeb8b3d2c8190b13c03ce944f436a completed March 8, 2026, 9:35 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69adec123cc481908e55dfbe4f4da095 completed March 8, 2026, 9:37 p.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:35 p.m.