Triple

T17226736
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Saul Perlmutter E418133 entity
Predicate memberOf P10 FINISHED
Object Supernova Cosmology Project E274697 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Supernova Cosmology Project | Statement: [Saul Perlmutter, memberOf, Supernova Cosmology Project]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Supernova Cosmology Project
Context triple: [Saul Perlmutter, memberOf, Supernova Cosmology Project]
  • A. Supernova Cosmology Project chosen
    The Supernova Cosmology Project is an international research collaboration that used observations of distant Type Ia supernovae to discover the accelerating expansion of the universe, providing key evidence for dark energy.
  • B. Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
    "Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant" is a landmark 1998 astrophysics paper that used distant Type Ia supernovae to demonstrate that the universe’s expansion is accelerating, providing strong evidence for dark energy.
  • C. Carnegie Supernova Project
    The Carnegie Supernova Project is an astronomical research initiative focused on observing and characterizing supernovae to improve measurements of cosmic distances and the expansion of the universe.
  • D. High-z Supernova Search Team
    The High-z Supernova Search Team was an international collaboration of astronomers that used distant Type Ia supernovae to discover the accelerating expansion of the universe, leading to the concept of dark energy.
  • E. Swope Supernova Survey
    The Swope Supernova Survey is an astronomical observing program focused on discovering and studying supernovae using the Swope Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d886d779488190b131369541c04e7d completed April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e42de1674c81909ca9e87fa9153640 completed April 19, 2026, 1:20 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a01675cc70881909cf39b2e229f5d1e completed May 11, 2026, 5:21 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:39 a.m.