Triple

T15478651
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject kynurenine pathway E376854 entity
Predicate involvesEnzyme P91923 FINISHED
Object tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the oxidative degradation of tryptophan, playing a key role in tryptophan metabolism and regulation.
E1159681 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase | Statement: [kynurenine pathway, involvesEnzyme, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
Context triple: [kynurenine pathway, involvesEnzyme, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase]
  • A. aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
    Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase is a pyridoxal phosphate–dependent enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of aromatic L-amino acids to produce key neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin.
  • B. catechol-O-methyltransferase
    Catechol-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that inactivates catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs by transferring a methyl group to their catechol structures.
  • C. Tannourine
    Tannourine is a mountainous village in northern Lebanon known for its dramatic landscapes, traditional Maronite Christian heritage, and the nearby Tannourine Cedars Forest Nature Reserve.
  • D. Flavin
    Flavin is a surname most notably associated with American minimalist artist Dan Flavin, renowned for his fluorescent light installations.
  • E. cytochrome P450 reductase
    Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
Triple: [kynurenine pathway, involvesEnzyme, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase]
Generated description
Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the oxidative degradation of tryptophan, playing a key role in tryptophan metabolism and regulation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
Target entity description: Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the oxidative degradation of tryptophan, playing a key role in tryptophan metabolism and regulation.
  • A. aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
    Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase is a pyridoxal phosphate–dependent enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of aromatic L-amino acids to produce key neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin.
  • B. catechol-O-methyltransferase
    Catechol-O-methyltransferase is an enzyme that inactivates catecholamine neurotransmitters and related drugs by transferring a methyl group to their catechol structures.
  • C. Tannourine
    Tannourine is a mountainous village in northern Lebanon known for its dramatic landscapes, traditional Maronite Christian heritage, and the nearby Tannourine Cedars Forest Nature Reserve.
  • D. Flavin
    Flavin is a surname most notably associated with American minimalist artist Dan Flavin, renowned for his fluorescent light installations.
  • E. cytochrome P450 reductase
    Cytochrome P450 reductase is a flavoprotein enzyme that transfers electrons from NADPH to cytochrome P450 enzymes, enabling their role in drug metabolism and biosynthesis of endogenous compounds.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: involvesEnzyme
Context triple: [kynurenine pathway, involvesEnzyme, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase]
  • A. enzymeType
    Indicates the specific class or category of enzyme associated with an entity or reaction.
  • B. enzymeSystem chosen
    Indicates a relationship where an entity functions as, or is part of, a specific enzyme system involved in catalyzing biochemical reactions.
  • C. involves
    Indicates that an entity participates in, is a part of, or is implicated within a particular event, process, or relationship.
  • D. isMetabolizedBy
    Indicates that a substance is biochemically broken down or transformed through metabolic processes carried out by a specified organism, cell type, or enzyme system.
  • E. involvesSubstitute
    Indicates that one entity participates in a situation, event, or role as a replacement or stand-in for another entity.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d85cd21dcc81908646251b1c26ea00 completed April 10, 2026, 2:13 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e03f8a77a081909f12f13660452f4a completed April 16, 2026, 1:46 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ff2d0b3e7881908f195701fe222371 completed May 9, 2026, 12:48 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ff2e4010dc8190b0f81d03acf8ba41 completed May 9, 2026, 12:53 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ff310c2d5c819093295c45307176ec completed May 9, 2026, 1:05 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69ded2874b788190999158e0f043be21 completed April 14, 2026, 11:49 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 3:34 a.m.