Triple

T13561575
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Vladimir Arnold E323919 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Singularity Theory
Singularity Theory is a branch of mathematics that studies the behavior and classification of functions and spaces near points where they fail to be well-behaved, such as critical points or other types of singularities.
E1046816 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Singularity Theory | Statement: [Vladimir Arnold, notableWork, Singularity Theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Singularity Theory
Context triple: [Vladimir Arnold, notableWork, Singularity Theory]
  • A. ADE singularity theory
    ADE singularity theory is a classification framework in singularity theory and Lie theory that organizes certain simple surface singularities and related algebraic structures into three families labeled A, D, and E.
  • B. Singular Points of Complex Hypersurfaces
    "Singular Points of Complex Hypersurfaces" is a foundational monograph in singularity theory that systematically studies the local and topological properties of singularities arising in complex algebraic and analytic hypersurfaces.
  • C. Picard–Lefschetz theory
    Picard–Lefschetz theory is a branch of algebraic and symplectic geometry that studies how the topology of complex algebraic varieties changes under deformation, particularly via vanishing cycles and monodromy around singularities.
  • D. Thom–Mather stratification
    Thom–Mather stratification is a refined notion of stratification in differential topology that imposes strong regularity and control conditions on how smooth strata fit together, generalizing and strengthening Whitney stratifications.
  • E. Hilbert’s sixteenth problem
    Hilbert’s sixteenth problem is one of David Hilbert’s famous list of 23 problems, concerning the topology and arrangement of algebraic curves and surfaces, particularly the number and position of their ovals.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Singularity Theory
Triple: [Vladimir Arnold, notableWork, Singularity Theory]
Generated description
Singularity Theory is a branch of mathematics that studies the behavior and classification of functions and spaces near points where they fail to be well-behaved, such as critical points or other types of singularities.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Singularity Theory
Target entity description: Singularity Theory is a branch of mathematics that studies the behavior and classification of functions and spaces near points where they fail to be well-behaved, such as critical points or other types of singularities.
  • A. ADE singularity theory
    ADE singularity theory is a classification framework in singularity theory and Lie theory that organizes certain simple surface singularities and related algebraic structures into three families labeled A, D, and E.
  • B. Singular Points of Complex Hypersurfaces
    "Singular Points of Complex Hypersurfaces" is a foundational monograph in singularity theory that systematically studies the local and topological properties of singularities arising in complex algebraic and analytic hypersurfaces.
  • C. Picard–Lefschetz theory
    Picard–Lefschetz theory is a branch of algebraic and symplectic geometry that studies how the topology of complex algebraic varieties changes under deformation, particularly via vanishing cycles and monodromy around singularities.
  • D. Thom–Mather stratification
    Thom–Mather stratification is a refined notion of stratification in differential topology that imposes strong regularity and control conditions on how smooth strata fit together, generalizing and strengthening Whitney stratifications.
  • E. Hilbert’s sixteenth problem
    Hilbert’s sixteenth problem is one of David Hilbert’s famous list of 23 problems, concerning the topology and arrangement of algebraic curves and surfaces, particularly the number and position of their ovals.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8076830b48190910a902bae5888e2 completed April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69dbaff5219081909cf60423e79d278f completed April 12, 2026, 2:45 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f75dad601481908de5f266f01f3f49 completed May 3, 2026, 2:37 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f75f563cfc81909cde4c403ac10a58 completed May 3, 2026, 2:44 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f75fcbf9548190abd74bf4f4ae2e11 completed May 3, 2026, 2:46 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:47 p.m.