Triple
T1263719
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Richard C. Tolman |
E12555
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableStudent |
P4838
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Paul S. Epstein
Paul S. Epstein was a theoretical physicist known for his contributions to early quantum theory and the application of quantum mechanics to atomic and molecular spectra.
|
E281979
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Paul S. Epstein | Statement: [Richard C. Tolman, notableStudent, Paul S. Epstein]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul S. Epstein Context triple: [Richard C. Tolman, notableStudent, Paul S. Epstein]
-
A.
Philip G. Epstein
Philip G. Epstein was an American screenwriter best known for co-writing the classic 1942 film "Casablanca," for which he won an Academy Award.
-
B.
Benjamin Rapoport
Benjamin Rapoport is a neurosurgeon and entrepreneur best known as one of the co-founders of the brain–computer interface company Neuralink.
-
C.
Philip Hauge Abelson
Philip Hauge Abelson was an American physicist, nuclear scientist, and science administrator known for co-discovering neptunium and for his influential leadership in U.S. scientific research and policy.
-
D.
Irving Brecher
Irving Brecher was an American screenwriter best known for his work on Marx Brothers comedies and classic Hollywood films of the 1930s and 1940s.
-
E.
Pandro S. Berman
Pandro S. Berman was a prominent American film producer of Hollywood’s classic era, known for overseeing numerous successful MGM and RKO pictures.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Paul S. Epstein Triple: [Richard C. Tolman, notableStudent, Paul S. Epstein]
Generated description
Paul S. Epstein was a theoretical physicist known for his contributions to early quantum theory and the application of quantum mechanics to atomic and molecular spectra.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul S. Epstein Target entity description: Paul S. Epstein was a theoretical physicist known for his contributions to early quantum theory and the application of quantum mechanics to atomic and molecular spectra.
-
A.
Philip G. Epstein
Philip G. Epstein was an American screenwriter best known for co-writing the classic 1942 film "Casablanca," for which he won an Academy Award.
-
B.
Benjamin Rapoport
Benjamin Rapoport is a neurosurgeon and entrepreneur best known as one of the co-founders of the brain–computer interface company Neuralink.
-
C.
Philip Hauge Abelson
Philip Hauge Abelson was an American physicist, nuclear scientist, and science administrator known for co-discovering neptunium and for his influential leadership in U.S. scientific research and policy.
-
D.
Irving Brecher
Irving Brecher was an American screenwriter best known for his work on Marx Brothers comedies and classic Hollywood films of the 1930s and 1940s.
-
E.
Pandro S. Berman
Pandro S. Berman was a prominent American film producer of Hollywood’s classic era, known for overseeing numerous successful MGM and RKO pictures.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a4933352e08190ac617291985e76c0 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:27 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4bfc8d6908190a5b2cf1051cc6d5e |
completed | March 1, 2026, 10:38 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69af831c25ec81908fb204000ae1b161 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 2:34 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69af8556047c8190b299771637b77ee7 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 2:43 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69af86371b6c8190b17a7e57df9b4fb3 |
completed | March 10, 2026, 2:47 a.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:50 p.m.