Triple

T1233847
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Jakob Bernoulli E26502 entity
Predicate notableConcept P201 FINISHED
Object law of large numbers
The law of large numbers is a fundamental theorem in probability theory stating that as the number of independent trials increases, the sample average converges to the expected value.
E141078 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: law of large numbers | Statement: [Jakob Bernoulli, notableConcept, law of large numbers]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: law of large numbers
Context triple: [Jakob Bernoulli, notableConcept, law of large numbers]
  • A. central limit theorem
    The central limit theorem is a fundamental result in probability theory stating that the sum (or average) of many independent, identically distributed random variables tends to follow a normal distribution, regardless of the original variables’ distribution, under mild conditions.
  • B. Berry–Esseen theorem
    The Berry–Esseen theorem is a quantitative refinement of the central limit theorem that provides explicit bounds on the rate of convergence of normalized sums of independent random variables to the normal distribution.
  • C. Sutton's law
    Sutton's law is a medical and diagnostic principle that advises focusing first on the most likely cause of a problem, echoing bank robber Willie Sutton’s apocryphal rationale for targeting banks.
  • D. Théorie analytique des probabilités
    Théorie analytique des probabilités is Pierre-Simon Laplace’s foundational treatise that systematically developed probability theory and laid the groundwork for modern statistics.
  • E. Gaussian law of error
    The Gaussian law of error is a fundamental statistical principle stating that measurement errors tend to follow a normal (bell-shaped) distribution, forming the basis of much of probability theory and statistical inference.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: law of large numbers
Triple: [Jakob Bernoulli, notableConcept, law of large numbers]
Generated description
The law of large numbers is a fundamental theorem in probability theory stating that as the number of independent trials increases, the sample average converges to the expected value.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: law of large numbers
Target entity description: The law of large numbers is a fundamental theorem in probability theory stating that as the number of independent trials increases, the sample average converges to the expected value.
  • A. central limit theorem
    The central limit theorem is a fundamental result in probability theory stating that the sum (or average) of many independent, identically distributed random variables tends to follow a normal distribution, regardless of the original variables’ distribution, under mild conditions.
  • B. Berry–Esseen theorem
    The Berry–Esseen theorem is a quantitative refinement of the central limit theorem that provides explicit bounds on the rate of convergence of normalized sums of independent random variables to the normal distribution.
  • C. Sutton's law
    Sutton's law is a medical and diagnostic principle that advises focusing first on the most likely cause of a problem, echoing bank robber Willie Sutton’s apocryphal rationale for targeting banks.
  • D. Théorie analytique des probabilités
    Théorie analytique des probabilités is Pierre-Simon Laplace’s foundational treatise that systematically developed probability theory and laid the groundwork for modern statistics.
  • E. Gaussian law of error
    The Gaussian law of error is a fundamental statistical principle stating that measurement errors tend to follow a normal (bell-shaped) distribution, forming the basis of much of probability theory and statistical inference.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a4948571c88190a9191e451e6035fd completed March 1, 2026, 7:33 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4be5d16ec819088056167c88d3318 completed March 1, 2026, 10:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ac8a16badc8190b5b603db0ca738cb completed March 7, 2026, 8:27 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ac8b70bd888190bed944579237bfad completed March 7, 2026, 8:32 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ac8bce4be48190b7e396d31e881450 completed March 7, 2026, 8:34 p.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:47 p.m.