Three Years of Difficulty
E944869
Three Years of Difficulty refers to the catastrophic period of mass starvation and economic hardship in China from 1959 to 1961, largely resulting from the policies of the Great Leap Forward and adverse natural conditions.
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
economic crisis
ⓘ
famine ⓘ historical period ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Three Years of Famine
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Three Years of Hardship NERFINISHED ⓘ Three Years of Natural Disasters ⓘ |
| country |
China
ⓘ
surface form:
People's Republic of China
|
| demographicImpact |
drop in birth rates in China
ⓘ
excess deaths in tens of millions (various estimates) ⓘ |
| economicImpact |
decline in industrial production
ⓘ
disruption of rural communes ⓘ |
| endTime | 1961 ⓘ |
| fieldOfStudy |
Chinese history
ⓘ
development economics ⓘ famine studies ⓘ |
| followedBy | policy readjustment in early 1960s China ⓘ |
| governmentNarrative | emphasis on natural disasters as primary cause ⓘ |
| hasCause |
Great Leap Forward
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
adverse weather conditions ⓘ agricultural collectivization policies in China ⓘ excessive grain procurement by the state ⓘ natural disasters in China ⓘ policy failures of the Chinese Communist Party ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
largest famine in the history of the People’s Republic of China
ⓘ
major turning point in Chinese economic policy debates ⓘ |
| languageOfName | Chinese ⓘ |
| mainEffect |
economic hardship in rural China
ⓘ
increased mortality ⓘ mass starvation ⓘ sharp decline in agricultural output ⓘ widespread malnutrition ⓘ |
| policyResponse |
adjustment of grain procurement quotas
ⓘ
import of grain from abroad ⓘ partial retreat from radical Great Leap Forward policies ⓘ |
| politicalContext | Chinese Communist Party rule ⓘ |
| politicalLeaderDuringPeriod | Mao Zedong NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| precededBy | launch of the Great Leap Forward in 1958 ⓘ |
| regionMostAffected |
Chinese interior provinces
ⓘ
rural China ⓘ |
| scholarlyInterpretation | emphasis on policy errors as primary cause ⓘ |
| socialImpact |
erosion of trust in local authorities
ⓘ
increased rural-urban disparities ⓘ |
| startTime | 1959 ⓘ |
| timePeriodWithin |
Great Leap Forward
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Mao era ⓘ |
| typeOfCrisis |
agricultural crisis
ⓘ
food security crisis ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.