court-martial of Admiral John Byng

E943583

The court-martial of Admiral John Byng was a highly controversial 1757 British naval trial that resulted in his execution for alleged failure to do his utmost in battle, becoming a famous example of harsh military justice and political scapegoating.

Jump to: Statements Referenced by

Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf court-martial
historical event
military trial
aftermath debate over fairness of the trial
eventual reform of the Articles of War
appliesToJurisdiction Royal Navy NERFINISHED
archivesAt The National Archives, Kew NERFINISHED
charge cowardice in the face of the enemy
failure to do his utmost
conflict Seven Years' War
country Kingdom of Great Britain
criticizedBy Voltaire NERFINISHED
dateOfExecution 1757-03-14
dateOfSentence 1757-01-27
defendant John Byng NERFINISHED
describedIn Voltaire's Candide NERFINISHED
endTime 1757
followedBy execution of Admiral John Byng
genre naval court-martial
hasCause Battle of Minorca NERFINISHED
loss of Minorca to France
hasEffect deterrent example to Royal Navy officers
lasting debate on command responsibility
hasQuotations "pour encourager les autres"
historicalPeriod 18th century
influencedBy political pressure on the government
public outcry over loss of Minorca
languageOfRecord English
legalBasis Articles of War NERFINISHED
legalOutcome guilty verdict
location HMS St George NERFINISHED
Portsmouth NERFINISHED
methodOfExecution firing squad
notableFor controversial military justice
influence on later naval law reform
political scapegoating
strict application of Articles of War
participant Royal Navy officers as judges
penalty capital punishment
placeOfExecution Spithead NERFINISHED
pointInTime 1757
presidingOfficer Admiral Thomas Smith NERFINISHED
prosecutor Judge Advocate of the Fleet NERFINISHED
publicReaction petitions for clemency
widespread controversy
result death sentence
significantEvent execution of Admiral John Byng by firing squad
startTime 1756
subject Admiral John Byng NERFINISHED

Referenced by (1)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

siege of Fort St. Philip (1756) followedBy court-martial of Admiral John Byng