Tonkawa
E940924
Native American language
Native American people
federally recognized tribe
indigenous people of North America
mass killing
The Tonkawa were a Native American people of central Texas known for their nomadic hunting lifestyle and complex alliances and conflicts with neighboring tribes and European settlers.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Tonkawa canonical | 1 |
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Native American language
ⓘ
Native American people ⓘ federally recognized tribe ⓘ indigenous people of North America ⓘ mass killing ⓘ |
| causeOfDecline |
displacement from homelands
ⓘ
epidemic diseases ⓘ warfare ⓘ |
| conflictedWith |
Apache
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Comanche NERFINISHED ⓘ Wichita NERFINISHED ⓘ other neighboring tribes ⓘ |
| continent | North America ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| culturalArea | Southern Plains NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| currentFederallyRecognizedTribe | Tonkawa Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| currentReservation | Oklahoma NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| engagedIn |
bison hunting
ⓘ
deer hunting ⓘ gathering wild plants ⓘ |
| ethnicGroupOf | central Texas ⓘ |
| experiencedEvent | Tonkawa Massacre NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| formedAllianceWith |
Republic of Texas
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Spanish colonists ⓘ Texan settlers ⓘ United States military NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hadReputationFor | ritual cannibalism ⓘ |
| interactedWith |
Mexican authorities
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Republic of Texas government NERFINISHED ⓘ Spanish Empire NERFINISHED ⓘ United States government NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| language | Tonkawa language NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| languageFamily | isolate ⓘ |
| lifestyle | nomadic ⓘ |
| locatedIn | Oklahoma NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| people | Tonkawa NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| perpetratedBy | allied tribes including Delaware, Shawnee, Caddo, and others ⓘ |
| populationTrend | decline after European contact ⓘ |
| primaryRegion | Texas NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| primarySubsistence | hunting ⓘ |
| religion | traditional tribal religion ⓘ |
| relocatedTo | Indian Territory NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| servedAs |
scouts for Texan forces
ⓘ
scouts for the U.S. Army ⓘ |
| status | extinct ⓘ |
| tookPartIn | Texas–Indian wars NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| traditionalDwelling | tipis ⓘ |
| traditionalEconomy | trade with neighboring tribes ⓘ |
| traditionalTerritory | central Texas ⓘ |
| victim | Tonkawa NERFINISHED ⓘ |
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.